Greeting.
I'm playing a modified version of LWOTC, and I've encountered a game-breaking bug.
I have three operations completing their infiltration almost simultaneously. When I complete one of these operations, the soldiers from the remaining operations are listed as "on covert action" and become unavailable for selection.
In the barracks, the soldier's status field is blank with a "0" displayed. Upon completing any covert actions, they do not return; they simply disappear permanently, and I can't do anything with them.
Using cheats to fix them doesn't work either. Even if I use cheats to put them in a wounded state and heal them, they remain unavailable with a "0" in the status field.
I found discussions indicating that players with nearly no mods also experienced similar bugs, and I have no idea which mods might be responsible for this issue.

Here is the complete list of all mods I have installed:

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Gameplay (34):
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[WOTC] Cover Damage Reduction (CoverDamageReduction_WOTC, ID: 1126684731)

[WOTC] Titanfall Weapons (TitanfallWeapons, ID: 1158907115)

Phantom Evac (PhantomEvac, ID: 1748331160)

Grimy's Loot Mod WOTC (GrimyLootModWOTC, ID: 1142377029)

Sensor Fences (SensorFences, ID: 1732068221 )

More Mission SITREPs (MoreMissionSITREPs, ID: 1365805339)

[WOTC] Jet Packs (WOTCJetPacks, ID: 1576958692)

Chosen Reward Variety (ChosenRewardVariety, ID: 1619292810)

[WotC] I'm the Commander here (ImTheCommanderHere, ID: 1129770962)

[WOTC] Revert Overwatch Rules Change (WOTCRevertOverwatchRules, ID: 1127539414)

WOTC Flawless (WOTCFlawless, ID: 1127174933)

Long War of the Chosen (LongWarOfTheChosen, ID: 2683996590)

More Traits (MoreTraits, ID: 1122837889)

[WotC] Useful Autopsies - Chryssalid (UsefulAutopsiesChryssalid, ID: 1448085612)

[WotC] Useful Autopsies – ADVENT MEC (UsefulAutopsiesMEC, ID: 1449755677)

[WotC] Useful Autopsies - Viper (UsefulAutopsiesViper, ID: 1213763826)

[WotC] Useful Autopsies - ADVENT Purifier (UsefulAutopsiesPurifier, ID: 1219412982)

[WOTC] Critical Skirmishing (CriticalSkirmishing, ID: 1393922219)

[WOTC] First Aid by Iridar (WOTCFirstAid, ID: 1733477929)

True Primary Secondaries [BETA] (TruePrimarySecondaries, ID: 2133399183)

[WOTC] Dual Wielded Pistols 2.0 (DualWieldedPistols, ID: 1494099360)

[WOTC] Point-Based Not Created Equal (WOTC_PointBasedNCE, ID: 1144463583)

[WOTC] Peek From Concealment (PeekFromConcealment_WOTC, ID: 1123555539)

Hack Plus - WotC (HackPlus-WotC, ID: 1125703954)

More Cities WotC (MoreCitiesWotC, ID: 1131405167)

WotC: "Increase Combat Intelligence" for everyone (WotC_ComIntActionsForHeroes, ID: 1134537412)

Beam Grenade Launcher (BeamGrenadeLauncher, ID: 1181681128)

[WotC] Melee Weapon Breakthrough (MeleeBreakthrough, ID: 1510364832)

Medikit Expansion Redux (MedikitExpansionRedux, ID: 1749119489)

Additional Ammo Types (MZAmmoMod, ID: 1757248681)

[WOTC] Rocket Launchers 2.0 (WOTCRocketLaunchers, ID: 1775963384)

Covert Action Missions (CovertActionMissions, ID: 1123382166)

Ammo and Vest Slots [WOTC] (AmmoandVestSlotsWOTC, ID: 1123704945)

Commander's Choice [WOTC & Vanilla] (CommandersChoice, ID: 688405905)
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Other (8):
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[WoTC] Commander's Medals (CustomSoldierMedals, ID: 3476592751)

[WOTC] Commander's Medals Icon Pack (Commander_Medal_Icon_Pack, ID: 3476699737)

[WoTC] Emotions of the Resistance - a Soldier Mood Framework (AG_SoldierMoods, ID: 3387377441)

[WoTC] A Slice of the XCOM Life - Soldier Life Events (SoldierLifeEvents, ID: 3422452897)

[WoTC] A Slice of the XCOM Life - The Love, Kin, Friend or Foe Pack (SoldierLifeEventsExpansion, ID: 3468585452)

[WotC] Complex Soldier Bonds Add-On (ComplexSoldierBondsAddOn, ID: 3428787645)

[WOTC] Additional Soldier Console Commands (WOTC_SoldierConsoleCommands, ID: 1370543410)

[WOTC] XpanD's Console Commands (XpanDsConsoleCommands, ID: 3113132590)
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QOL (69):
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Stop Wasting My Time - WotC (StopWastingMyTime, ID: 620600092)

High Ground Gives Defense (WotC) (HighGroundGivesDefense, ID: 1128953896)

Turrets Are Cover [WOTC] (TurretCoverWOTC, ID: 1149340683)

[WOTC] Fair Lost Targeting (FairLostTargeting, ID: 1123260291)

Smart Overwatch All [WotC] (SmartOverwatchAll, ID: 1123486456)

WotC: Color Coded Bonds (WotC_ColorCodedBonds, ID: 1124175584)

Evac All - WotC (EvacAll_WotC, ID: 1126395106)

[WotC] Instant Loot (WOTCInstantLoot, ID: 1440233515)

Show Me The XP (XPDisplay, ID: 1285095591)

[WOTC] Cost-Based Ability Colors (WOTC_CostBasedAbilityColors, ID: 1289686596)

Still Stop Wasting My Time (StillDontWasteMyTime, ID: 1793418015)

Yet Another F1 (YetAnotherF1, ID: 934236622)

Quicker Reload - wotc (QuickerReload, ID: 1135202021)

WotC: robojumper's Squad Select (robojumperSquadSelect_WotC, ID: 1122974240)

[WOTC] Stats on New Promotion Screen (NewPromotionStats, ID: 1716973380)

[WotC] Gotcha Again (WOTCGotchaAgain, ID: 1124288875)

WOTC Nice Mission Debriefing (WOTCNiceMissionDebriefing, ID: 1154827808)

Blackmarket Usage (BlackmarketUsage, ID: 648410303)

[WOTC] Faster Reload Animations (FasterReloadAnimationsWOTC, ID: 1140240051)

Post Process Status Effects (PostProcessStatusEffects, ID: 1290331416)

[WOTC] New Target Icons (WOTCNewTargetIcons, ID: 1384631824)

[WotC] Bond To Header (BondToHeader, ID: 1397839793)

[WOTC] Passive Icons Core Collection Edition (WOTCPassiveIcons_CC, ID: 2170324254)

[WOTC] Holographic Scanning (WOTC_NoRedUnitScans, ID: 2234141519)

[WOTC] Show Tech Rewards (WOTC_ShowTechRewards, ID: 2347354900)

Show More Buff Details (ShowMoreBuffDetails, ID: 709499969)

[WOTC] Hours Instead of Days (HoursInsteadofDaysWOTC, ID: 1125973633)

[WotC] No Drop Down Lists With Controller Support (NoDropDownListsForControllers, ID: 2098062078)

[WOTC] Unit Flag Extended (WOTCLootIndicator_Extended, ID: 2285967646)

[WOTC] Soldier Info Redux (WOTCTacticalXP, ID: 2415446578)

[WOTC] Coloured PCS Icons (WOTC_RustyPCSIcons, ID: 2425682362)

Upcoming Events [WotC] (UpcomingEvents, ID: 1125698656)

Remove Weapon Upgrades (RemoveWeaponUpgradesWOTC, ID: 1162274976)

[WotC] UI - Colored Ammo Bar (WotC_UI_ColoredAmmoBar, ID: 1949300408)

[WOTC] Loot Post Mover (WOTCLootPostMover, ID: 2043070900)

[WOTC] Reliable Ever Vigilant (WOTC_ReliableEverVigilant, ID: 2071833199)

[WOTC] Standardised Resources Bar (WOTC_StandardisedResourcesBar, ID: 2276175904)

[WOTC] Pistol Friendly Skirmishers Torso Decos (WOTC_NewSkirmishersDecos, ID: 2286920576)

[WOTC] Barracks Status Display (WOTC_CI_ResizeHangarStatus, ID: 2540649820)

Squad Patches (SquadPatches, ID: 2597601905)

[WOTC] Select Soldier Icons Redux (SoldierSelectIcons_WOTC, ID: 2960880496)

[WOTC] Extended Personnel Info Redux (EPI_Redux, ID: 2965980985)

[WOTC] Show Current PCS (WOTC_ShowPCSSwap, ID: 2989400002)

[WotC] Better Cost Strings (BetterCostStringsWotC, ID: 2995259605)

[WOTC] Item Stats in Engineering (WOTCIridarBuildItemStats, ID: 3129305174)

[WOTC] Filtered Menus (WOTCFilteredMenus, ID: 3271654182)

Grey Smoke Grenade (GreySmokeGrenade, ID: 742478385)

Smooth Scrolling (SmoothScrolling, ID: 957580056)

[WOTC] Cinematic Rapid Fire (and other abilities) (CinematicRapidFireW, ID: 1124794449)

[WOTC] Reliable Wounds (WOTCReliableWounds, ID: 1149730999)

WOTC - Configurable Headshots (LEBPortrait, ID: 1273848330)

Evac Now (EvacNow, ID: 1306820727)

More Effective Blast Padding (EffectiveBlastPadding, ID: 1379047477)

[WOTC] Sell Heavy Weapons (SellHeavyWeapons, ID: 1473750434)

[WOTC] More Psionic Units (MorePsionicUnits, ID: 1489268865)

[WOTC] Better Armory Item Stats (ArmouryCrit, ID: 1489472552)

[WOTC] One squad on new Avenger defense (SingleDefenseSquad, ID: 1504056921)

(WOTC) Domination Icon (XCOMDominationIcon, ID: 1854232612)

[WOTC] Show All Class Counts (WOTCShowAllClassCounts, ID: 2167235854)

[WotC] Scanning Protocol Fix (ScanningProtocolFix, ID: 2365326252)

[WOTC] Spectral Zombie Warning Signs (FTBSpectralZombieWarning, ID: 2743416893)

[WOTC] Detailed Soldier Lists Redux (WOTC_DSL_Rusty, ID: 2832773856)

[WOTC] Visible Utility Items (WOTCIridarVisibleUtilityWeapons, ID: 2849922249)

[WOTC] Full Shadow Report (WOTC_FullShadowReport, ID: 2995251401)

[WOTC] Lost Lure Status Icon (FTBLostLureIcon, ID: 2709644312)

[WOTC] Modify Continent Bonus (ModifyContinentBonusWOTC, ID: 1145436332)

[WOTC] YAF1 Autopsy Required Extension (YetAnotherF1_AutopsyRequired, ID: 2377251739)

[WOTC] Squad Manager (SquadManager, ID: 2542543519)

[WOTC] Force Level Display (ForceLevelDisplay, ID: 1916761361)
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ForAnotherMods (14):
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Empty WOTC Deco Slots for XCOM Soldiers (+ Some other empty things) (EmptyWOTCDecoSlotsforXCOMSoldiers, ID: 1127014384)

[WOTC] Invisible Parts For Hero Units (InvisibleHeroUnitsBodyParts, ID: 1125697296)

Remove Missing Mods for WotC (WOTC_RemoveMissingMods, ID: 1127050498)

Add Part Names (AddedPartNames, ID: 878158600)

[WotC] Mod Config Menu (ModConfigMenu, ID: 667104300)

Better Second Wave Mod Support (BetterSecondWaveSupport, ID: 1149493976)

X2WOTCCommunityHighlander v1.29.0 (X2WOTCCommunityHighlander, ID: 1134256495)

[WOTC] Community Promotion Screen (X2WOTCCommunityPromotionScreen, ID: 2550561145)

Reward Decks Refresher (RewardDecksRefresher, ID: 665435869)

WotC Mod Everything Reloaded (WotCModEverythingReloaded, ID: 1127491931)

WotC Stealth Overhaul (WotCStealthOverhaul, ID: 1135111760)

Ability To Slot Reassignment (AbilityToSlotReassignment, ID: 2133397762)

[WOTC] Invisible Body Parts For All (v1.3) (InvisibleLimbs, ID: 2146403415)

[WotC] Peek From Concealment UI Fix (PeekGotchaVisualizer, ID: 1136981000)
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Fixes (26):
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Tower Detection Fix [WOTC] (TowerDetectionFixWOTC, ID: 1437605946)

[WotC] Weapon Fixes (WepUpgradeFix, ID: 1737532501)

[WOTC] Musashi's Mods Fixes (WOTCMusashiModFixes, ID: 2569592723)

Missing Packages Fix - Parcels and Maps Edition (MissingPackagesFix_ParcelsMaps, ID: 1140305914)

[WotC] Get A Rifle Grip! - Animation Fix (WotC_Armory_GripFix_BattleRifles, ID: 1684031097)

[WOTC] Accurate Situation Report (AccurateSituationReport, ID: 2567229533)

[WOTC] Less Overwatch Lock Ups! (OverwatchLockupFix, ID: 1276342555)

[WOTC] Core Collection Meta Mod (WOTCCoreCollection, ID: 2166295671)

[WotC] Better Grappling! (GrappleFix, ID: 1486607466)

Avenger Defense Bondmates Fix (BondmatesSpawnFix, ID: 1176368634)

[WOTC] R.A.G.E. Armor Tech Fix (WOTC_RAGEArmorTechFix, ID: 2235945732)

SQUID BE GONE! (FixSquidBug, ID: 2392049232)

[WOTC] Fixed Sniper Hotkeys (WOTC_FixedSniperHotkeys, ID: 2724738740)

[WOTC] End of Mission Quotes Fix (EndofMissionQuotes, ID: 1351708150)

[WOTC] Purifier Grenades Fix (WOTC_PurifierGrenadesFix, ID: 1371195713)

Spectre Vanish Fix (SpectreVanishFix, ID: 1373960922)

Chosen Dark Events Fix (ChosenDarkEventsFix, ID: 1126771111)

[WOTC] SPARK Repair Fix (SPARKRepairFix, ID: 1440747908)

Cannon Animation Redux (CannonAnimationRedux, ID: 1541141667)

[WOTC] Civilians Revamped (CiviliansRevamped, ID: 1596673682)

Missing Packages Fix + Resource (Missing_FX_Package_Resource, ID: 1124064427)

Heavy Weapons Knockback Fix (HeavyWeaponsKnockbackFix, ID: 3456740985)

[WOTC] Too Many Mods (TooManyMods, ID: 3483918448)

Annihilate Retargeting Fix (BanishRetargetFix, ID: 3486058198)

[WOTC] Reliable Knockback (X2_ReliableKnockback, ID: 3474547616)

[WOTC] Photobooth Poses UI List Fix (WOTC_BD_PoseListFixer, ID: 3307455200)
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Enemys (1):
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[WOTC] CreativeXenos Archons (CreativeXenosArchons, ID: 1125183947)
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RPG Overhaul (7):
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WOTC Tank Class (TankClassWOTC, ID: 1237772667)

[WOTC] Iridar's Akimbo Class (AkimboClass, ID: 1494158555)

Warrior Of The Light - WOTC (WarriorOfTheLightWOTC, ID: 1435526644)

[WOTC] Disable Any Class GTS Redux (DisableAnyClassWotc, ID: 2956818409)

WotC Katana Pack Reloaded (KatanaMod, ID: 1123865738)

WotC Combat Knives (WotCCombatKnives, ID: 1135248412)

WotC Tactical Suppressors (TacticalSuppressors, ID: 1135274274)
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Русификаторы (1):
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[WOTC] Русификатор модов (WOTC_ModRusLoc, ID: 2629077863)
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Graphics (1):
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[WOTC] Aquilio's Weather Pack (WOTCCustomLightingMaps, ID: 3326284263)

(I have deleted all customization mods from the list)