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花机关(MP18)

MP18冲锋枪由德国军械设计师雨果·施迈瑟于1917年设计完成。1918年3月德意志第二帝国在西线发动了最后一场大型攻势，即春季攻势（ Kaiserschlacht）。德军最后的精英，暴风突击队员手持MP18冲锋枪，在西线法国多处城市与协约国展开巷战。MP18冲锋枪的问世虽然对战局没有决定性影响，但引起了协约国方面的重视。一战后签订的凡尔赛条约禁止德国继续研发与制造冲锋枪，战前生产的MP18只能交由魏玛共和国警察使用。在1920年代的中国，由于军阀混战而被实施军火禁运；所以伯格曼冲锋枪多从走私渠道引进，随后由国内多家兵工厂仿造生产。由于它可以像机关枪一样连发射击，并且枪管外套筒上很多散热孔，因此有了一个外号“花机关”。

The MP18 was designed by German Ordnance Designer Hugo Schmeisser in 1917, and in March 1918 the Second German Empire launched its last major offensive on the Western Front, the Spring Offensive (Kaiserschlacht). The last of the German elite, the Stormtroopers, armed with the MP18, fought the Allies in street battles in various French cities on the Western Front.The introduction of the MP18 did not have a decisive impact on the war effort, but it did attract the attention of the Allied powers. The Treaty of Versailles, signed after the First World War, forbade Germany to continue to develop and manufacture submachine guns, and the MP18s produced before the war could only be used by the police of the Weimar Republic.In the 1920s, China was under an arms embargo due to the warlord's conflicts, so the Bergman submachine gun was mostly brought in through smuggling channels and subsequently copied and produced by several domestic arsenals.Due to its ability to fire in bursts like a machine gun and lots of heat sinks on the outer barrel, it was nicknamed "花机关".