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Dragunov SVD-63 sniper/marksman rifle

Long range opa blia.

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In service 1963–present
Wars
Since the Vietnam War
Production history
Designer Yevgeny Dragunov
Designed 1958–1963
Manufacturer
Kalashnikov Concern
Norinco
Produced 1963–present[10]
Variants See Variants
Specifications
Mass
4.30 kg (9.48 lb) (with scope and unloaded magazine)[10]
Length
1,225 mm (48.2 in) (SVD)[10]
Barrel length
620 mm (24.4 in) (SVD, SWD-M)[10]
Cartridge 7.62×54mmR[10]
Action Gas-operated, rotating bolt
Rate of fire 3-30 RPM
Muzzle velocity
830 m/s (2,723 ft/s) (SVD)
Effective firing range 800 m (875 yd)
Feed system 10-round detachable box magazine[10]
Sights PSO-1 telescopic sight, 1PN51/1PN58 night vision sights and iron sights with an adjustable rear notch sight

Afghanistan:[27] used by the Afghan National Army[28] and Talibans[5]
Albania[29]
Austria[30]
Bangladesh: Uses Chinese Type 85 copy. Used by Black Eagle Battalion.[31]
Belarus[32]
Bolivia: Type 79 variant in use.[33]
Burundi: Burundian special forces [34]
Bulgaria[32]
Central African Republic: SVD and Type 85[35]
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Chechen separatists[36]
China: Norinco-made copy of the SVD, known as the Type 79.[37] Equipped with a 4× magnification optical sight which is a copy of the PSO-1. The rifle has a slightly shorter butt. Also produced a modified Type 85[37][38] and several other commercial copies of the SVD.[38][39][40] An upgraded variant called the CS/LR19 was also debuted. Export variants such as the "NSG-85" were also produced.
Czech Republic[41]
Egypt[42]
Ethiopia: Used by Ethiopian Peacekeepers in Darfur.[citation needed]
Finland: Known as the 7.62 TKIV Dragunov, which stands for tarkkuuskivääri (sniper rifle).[43]
Georgia[32]
Hungary[30]
India: Used by "Designated Marksmen". Being phased out in favour of newer systems.[44][45][46]
[47]
Iran: Locally produced as the Nakhjir 3 Sniper Rifle.[48][49][50] A new upgraded version was unveiled during the Muhammad Rasulullah 4 exercises held on 12 December 2016.[51]
Iraq: Al Kadesiah, made based on SVD and PSL.[52] Official Iraqi designation is either Al-Qadissiya or Al-Gadissiya.[53] SVD and Kadesiah rifles has been used by both Saddam's[54] and post-2003 Iraqi Army[55] and by Iraqi insurgents.[56] SVDs are also fielded by the Popular Mobilization Forces.[57]
Ivory Coast[58]
Islamic Group That Everyone Knows About But It'll Probably Get This Deleted: SVD and Type 79[59]
Kazakhstan[32]
Kyrgyzstan[32]
Latvia[60]
Lesotho[61]
Libya[32]
Lord Resistance Army[62]
Mali[63]
Moldova[32]
Mongolia[64]
Myanmar-locally produced as MAS mk2 according to military today[citation needed]
Nicaragua[32]
Niger - including type 85s[65]
North Korea[66]
Philippines: Type-85 Chinese variant.[67] Also batches of SVD rifle donated by Russia.[citation needed]
Poland:[32] Polish SVD modernization; known as SWD-M- and updated with a heavier barrel, variable magnification scope and detachable bipod.[68] It's planned to replace SVD with MSBS's marksman variant.[69]
Provisional Irish Republican Army: supplied from Libya[70]
Russia: SVD-M[32] and folding-stock SVDS.[71]
Senegal: Used by Air Force[72] and Army[73]
Slovakia[74]
Sudan[75]
Suriname[citation needed]
Syria[42]
Syrian National Coalition[76]
Tajikistan[32]
Turkey: Used by Gendarmerie General Command and Polis Özel Harekat.[77]
Turkmenistan[32]
Ukraine[32]
Uzbekistan[32]
Venezuela: Over 1000 rifles purchased by the Army of Venezuela in 2007.[78]
Vietnam - Used by the Vietnamese Army since the Vietnam War.[79]
Zimbabwe[80]
East Germany: Issued as the SWD.[81]
Soviet Union: Entered service with the Soviet Army in 1967.[27]

The Dragunov sniper rifle (formal Russian: Сна́йперская Винто́вка систе́мы Драгуно́ва образца́ 1963 года, Snáyperskaya Vintóvka sistém'y Dragunóva obraz'tsá 1963 goda (SVD-63), officially "Sniper Rifle, System of Dragunov, Model of the Year 1963") is a semi-automatic sniper/designated marksman rifle chambered in 7.62×54mmR and developed in the Soviet Union.

The Dragunov was designed as a squad support weapon since, according to Soviet and Soviet-derived military doctrines, the long-range engagement ability was lost to ordinary troops when submachine guns and assault rifles (which are optimized for close-range and medium-range, rapid-fire combat) were adopted.

It was selected as the winner of a contest that included three competing designs: by Sergei Simonov, Aleksandr Konstantinov and Yevgeny Dragunov. Extensive field testing of the rifles conducted in a wide range of environmental conditions resulted in Dragunov’s proposal being accepted into service in 1963. An initial pre-production batch consisting of 200 rifles was assembled for evaluation purposes, and from 1964 serial production was carried out by Izhmash, later called Kalashnikov Concern.

Since then, the Dragunov has become the standard squad support weapon of several countries, including those of the former Warsaw Pact. China, while having produced an unlicensed copy of the SVD through reverse-engineered samples captured from Sino-Vietnamese War as the Type 79 and 85,[11] never officially purchased or was given SVD Dragunov by the Soviets, as the Sino-Soviet split had already occurred when the SVD entered service and relations were strained between the two, halting further military cooperations and aid. Iran also produced a clone as the Nakhjir 3 (as a direct copy of the Chinese Type 79).