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Buy in bulk from who?
That is the issue.
Most times it is not from the developer, who is the only one who should be supplying said keys. Some purchase keys using stolen credit cards, leaving the developers high and dry when chargebacks happen, then resell them to such sites or they get boxed copies (if available) open them and sell the keys.
Grey market is from store who do not directly get keys from the developer, but from unknown sources that may very well have been illegitimately obtained.
But where do they purchase the bulk retail keys from?
I didn't say the store used stolen CCs, I said the unknown bulk sellers may have done so. There have been developers who even stated as such in the past, with people buying bulk keys from them.
I was also speaking in general, not about specific stores.
Yes, but that isn't directly from the developer, as I keep saying, and that is the only legit way to do it. Everything else is a grey market.
And we at least have real example of people scamming using CCs to make such purchases, where as bulk buying from cheaper retailers is still speculation.
You need to read the Steamworks documentation. It specifically states that Valve will not give out or generate an exorbitantly large amount of keys.
Legitimate sites get their keys straight from the developer. Humble is a legitimate site. CDKeys is not.
If you request an extreme number of keys and you are not offering Steam customers a comparable deal, or if your sole business is selling Steam Keys and not offering value to Steam customers, your request may be denied and you may lose the privilege to request keys.
https://partner.steamgames.com/doc/features/keys
Also further down, you are told as a developer or publisher, to request keys in small batches.
3-6 are legitimate STEAM key sellers. The others I cannot vouch for as I do not buy from them.
Fanatical and GreenmanGaming are always kicking STEAM's ass in price discounts.
Cosa Nostra is talking out of their nostril regarding the legitimate sites being "partial grey market".
In fact, talking about Humble Choice, I did get the message once that they were out of keys for a game, and that they would mail me when they had new ones. It did take them a while, but they did restock them eventually (it was a slightly older bundle, and a game I wasn't particularly interested in anyway -- I'm guessing they stock larger batches for the current bundle).
On fanatical, I do occasionally see bundles with keys marked "sold out", so apparently they don't restock these. It's not an issue, of course -- most of their bundles are of the "make your own ... bundle" type, where the buyer gets to pick the games he wants out of larger selection, and you simply can't pick the "sold out" games.
Well, I don't know about Greenman since I've blacklisted them, but I do get a lot of keys from shops that aren't Fanatical. As shops go, isthereanydeal might be good because it tells customers you exist, but also bad since it might tell customers that someone else has a better deal... and outside of pricing, there really isn't much they can do to compete, since the games are completely identical anyway, they don't have to package and mail the orders, there are no returns to be handled etc.
It only takes a second to read on Humble or Fanatical that they are a 100% authorized seller. That means their keys come straight from the developer or publisher.
They are not restocking the keys themselves if that's what you think.
GMG is also 100% authorized and get their keys from the developer or publisher. You really need to start doing your research.
No authorized reseller gets their keys from "shops"
That's not an authorized reseller, that's a gray market site.
Things sell out on those legitimate sites because they cannot get any more keys from the publisher or developer. It's as simple as that.
The Steam store doesn't have this problem because they don't use keys anymore and haven't for quite some time.
Exactly. They don't get a million keys beforehand.
There are also sites that are auto censored if they are posted on the forums.
It's very simple, from the OPs first post in the thread.
#1
#7
Are gray market, the rest are 100% legitimate.
Do you really think I bought all of these games that I have on the Steam store?
I mean heck, you don't even have to take my word for it. Just look on those sites that are white listed and it says that they are authorized to sell Steam keys. Google will also show you this.
Developers and publishers WANT to sell their keys on these sites. Why? They don't take a 30% cut on those sites like they do on the Steam store.
30% is Valve's cut on every game sale.
Grey, as in, it's not technically allowed but at the same time it's not explicitly prohibited and that the keys are sourced from unofficial channels. It's shady because the keys come from elsewhere instead of through Valve. They're either taken from boxes or promotions.
I personally don't trust it because Valve could one day go... "hmm... nah I don't like that". I got all of my games either through Valve, or Humble Bundle way back.