Combat question

[Joe]

This question actually pertains to the entire series, but I'm having trouble with understanding the combat rules. In the game manual on p.121 there is an example combat between a tank and an infantry army in a town. I understand the HA, TD numbers along with the prepared attack and defense bonus. These are all included in the combat formula. What I don't understand is why, in this example, the combat values of both sides are reduced by 1.5. If I missed it in the manual please point me to it, because the reduction sometimes does not occur or has a different value. I'd like to include it in a spreadsheet I made (I know - I'm a nerd). Is it a weather effect? Thanks

[Bill Runacre]

Hi

The minuses you see are unit upgrades that both sides have, and these are cancelling each other out, as otherwise the casualties inflicted on both sides would be very high indeed.

[Joe]

Thanks