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that doesn't explain burning behind the transformer. Burning happens when the cable capacity of the line exceeds. For heavy cables it is only possible when you have a loop. Are you sure that youre not bridging around the transformer somewhere?
yea you are right. APC can push out 274 kw which and a battery can pull it. heavy cable withstands only 100kw. So thats probably the reason. There must be an APC before the battery.
But again, this does not explain why its burning behind the transformer. Or maybe the battery and apc are both behind the transformer?
It should always be a tree-like network. Power source -> battery -> transformers -> APCs -> devices.
APCs -> transformers -> devices.
put a transformer AFTER the battery set to 5kw. apc is unnecessary since there's a battery.
--> cable
==> heavy cable
solar panels -> transformer (5000) => station batteries => transformer (5000) -> devices
https://i.imgur.com/LB8mtNF.png
Why should someone want to limit the charge rate of batteries to 5kw per array? It doesn't make sence. 10 panels produce no more then 5kw at 100% efficiency anyway and 1,0 solar intensity. On mars you can have up to 12 per array for 5kw. You can have multiple arrays connected to batteries without any transformers or have one single huge array with up to 240 panels on mars. As long the total power production doesn't get over 100kw before batteries, its safe.
It makes sense to limit pulling from batteries to 5kw but limiting the charging doesn't make sence really.
solar panels go direct to batteries, unless you have more then 100kw solar power, which is about 240 solar panels at 100% efficiency. Transformer after the batteries set to 5kw, then one ore multiple APCs if needed at all. I use apcs only to separate sub-networks behind transformer. I have never ever any burning cable.
In example in my current game on mars i have 12 solar panels with tracking. They produce up to 5kw max during the day when tracking the sun on mars. They go direct to batteries with heavy cable. With only 11 solar panels even regular cables would do as it would only be 4,5 kw. Then i have 1 transformer limited to 5kw to ensure that behind the transformer never more then 5kw is pulled from batteries. Behind the transformer i have 3 APCs. One for the greenhouse, second for the production line, third for gas filtration and advanced furnace. I could have everything on same network without apcs, i just use it to separate sub networks and limit the amount of devices to cycle through when setting up logic. And also to equalize power when something pulls too much power for short time so it doesn't stop other devices because of the backup batteries in the apcs. Also it makes sence to have 5kw cirquit breaker after each apc in case there is a spike on a subnetwork going over 5kw. But in my current base im still far from that scenario. Im pulling no more then 3kw total atm. Usually less then 2kw.
When i get short on power im gonna just build more solar panels in the same single array to charge faster and additional batteries to store more power for the night. No need for trasnformer before the batteries.
You were just lucky, you haven't solved the problem by increasing transformer to 5k. Your problem comes from APCs and it can happen again when you are facing high power demand from devices. (Spikes).
1. Your sequence is wrong. Transformer is supposed to be behind the batteries.
The reason is, your devices will require power from network and the battery can push out whatever they require, it doesn't care. The transformer is there to limit the output from the battery. If your devices require more, the transformer will not allow too much power being pulled from battery and hence prevent any cables behind the transformer from burning. With one exception, that i will explain later on.
If you put a transformer before the battery youre just limiting the charge rate of the battery, which doesn't make sence as you are just wasing power from solar cells. But it cannot secure the network from burning when its before the battery. Behind the transformer the battery can burn your network if your devices require too much power for the cables.
But that alone does not explain why even heavy cables are burning, which withstand up to 100kw. Its unlikely that your base demands so much power. This is caused by APCs.
2. You should know APC can push and require up to 273 kw of power. If you have an APC behind the transformer, make sure there is no any battery behind it (including another APC with a backup battery) As a battery will always request as much power as possible. Hence all the 273 kw that an APC can provide. So any cable between APC and followed battery or another APC will certainly burn anything including heavy cables even if there is nothing else demanding power. Its just the battery will request as much power as possible, and the apc before it will deliver it from its backup battery. All the 273 kw. Thats more then enough to burn heavy cables.
So in conclusion.
Do it like this: Solar Panels (or other power source) -> Station Battery -> transformer -> APC.
Make a tree-like network with your station batteries as root. There can be multiple power sources or as many solar panels as you like all going into your station batteries directly with heavy cables.
To the station batteries you connect transformers. One for each 5kw network. You could also go higher per network, but if you want to use regular cables in your network, make sure to have a network per each 5kw demand. Make sure not to connect transformer separated networks with each other. That compromises the transformers.
Thats basically enough, you don't need APC's at all. APC's are usefull if you want to split a network further into subnetworks, or if you expect spikes on a network that go over 5kw and hard limit by transformer maybe stopping your airlock from working is a problem. But if you use APCs at all, and expecting spikes behind it over 5kw, make sure to secure it with a cirquit breaker behind APC.
Its also always a good idea to have a cirquit breaker after each APC. So even if you mess up the network and it burns, it will only burn at cirquit breaker.
But avoid having APC or station battery following another APC or station battery without a transformer between them.
I have a massive solar array. To ensure that I have cables that dont burn out anywhere on the array, I stil have transformer between panels and main batteries. I build two large at 50kw. Capping cable at 100kw. This means I should always be safe. My array is large so cables ever burning there would be annyoing to fix. To explain my reasoning. For the rest. Well here it goes:
Power production -> large transformers limiting power to 100kw -> main primary battery array -> another large transformer before power is distribuited to base -> smaller transformers turning the heavy cable into smaller cables depending on rooms and their needs.
In cases a room needs their own backup power through an APC. I stil always have a transformer behind the APC. As APCs are batteries and should be treated as such. Unless you are SURE that room or network will never exceed the cables used. Always use a transformer behind an APC or any battery power storage or power production.
Other than this a fuse will also be helpfull if using a transformer is too much. Better be safe than sorry.