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Would any of his books have maps that I'd be able to use at all?
I could have sworn changing only the localization did not prevent you from getting achievements, but maybe that's only when it doesn't make them dynamic? I don't know, I'll need to look through that a bit too.
And sadly as far as I know it isn't Ironman compatible - something to do with the checksum realising that the core files have been modified in some way. Even if it is just a name change, the game figures it's wrong and won't allow achievements.
I also seriously wish there was difference is Emperor/King titles. The rank would still be the same, but you would have a Cyning (King) and his loyal Thegns (effectively counts). Like, the Norse have their Jarls which is just the Danish spelling of Earl.
I'll have to make a trip to the library here sometime soon.
That'll be very easy to do too! Different file, but it's not like I'm particularly limited here in which files I modify. :P
That would be awesome if you could do that, especially since those are proving more difficult to find online.
Anywho, here goes;
Cornwall - Westwealas - A combination of the Roman 'Cornubia', taken from the Cornuvia tribe which dwelled there, and the Anglo-Saxon word 'Wealas', meaning 'foreigners'
Devon - Defnascir
Dorset - Dorsæt
Somerset - Sumorsæt
Winchester - We'll have to settle with West Seaxe, since Winchester isn't even a ruddy county... But West Seaxe means 'the land of the West Saxons' so if perfectly applicable.
Sussex - Suþ (South) Seaxe - 'Land of the South Saxons'
Surrey - Suþrige - Basically a geographical denomination referring to the land's position to the South of the Thames (Tamesis in Latin)
Kent - Cent or Centlond- 'Land of the Centii/Cantiaci' - the old Celtic tribe which dwelt there.
Middlesex- Middelseaxe - literally 'Middle Saxons'
Essex - East Seaxe - Again, literally 'East Saxons
Bedford - Beadafordscir - 'Beda's Ford'
Oxford - Oxnafordscir - 'The land of Oxen' - technically means Oxfordshire, even though the shire's were a Norman introduction. But hey-ho, I'm working with what fits best.
Wiltshire - Wiltunscir - Meaning 'Willow Farm'. An alternate name would be Wilsæt
Gloucester(shire) - Gleawcester(scir) - The Old English variant of the Roman name, Glevum.
Suffolk - Suþfolc - 'South People'
Norfolk - Norþfolc - 'Northern People'
Northampton(shire) - Hamtune(scir) - 'Home Farm' - The 'North' was added later to clarify between Hampshire and Southampton.
Warwick(shire) - Wæring(scir) - 'Shire of Warwick' - Warwick means 'Dwelling by the Weir'
Worcester(shire) - Wigreceastre(scir) - From the Latin 'Weogora' - meaning 'From the winding river'
Leicester - Lægreceastre - From the Latin, 'Ligore'
Lincoln - Lincolne - Meaning 'The Pool'
Derby - Deorby - Meaning 'Animal Settlement'
Chester - Legeceasterscir, later Ceasterscir - Derived from the Latin, 'Castra', meaning 'camp' or 'fort'. Translated as 'City of Legions'
York - Eoferwic - Meaning 'Boar Town'. Fun fact - The Norse spelling of 'Jorvik' means 'Horse Town. The Anglos-Saxon spelling of Eoferwic was derived from the Latin 'Eboracum' - literally 'Boar-Town'.
Lancaster - Luneceaster - Basically 'Pure river/spring'
Durham - Dunholm - Meaning 'Hill Island' - Dunholm was a highly defensible town built atop a rocky outcrop.
Cumberland - Cumbraland - 'Land of the Cumbrians'
Northumberland - Norðhymbraland. Later, Norþanhymbrarice - take your pick.
Westmorland - Westmoringaland - 'Land West of the Moors'
FUN FACT; Any town/province with a 'Ceaster' suffix was an old Roman town.
I hope this is helpful, and I could go into more detail about the history of the place names if you so wish. I think I may have missed a couple of the counties on the Welsh border, but after writing and triple-hecking this, my brain is a little shot.
I say this is a great deal of progress for one day. For every single county that had a (scir) I added that due to not entirely knowing the significance there, and also fixed an apparent typo in "East Seaxe," judging by the others, and the "Ænglisc" Wikipedia, seems to lack a space. Also from Wikipedia I have the Kingdom of England currently as "Engaland" though I'm thinking that's probably off.
I've yet to find where you change the cultural names of title ranks yet, it's apparently not in the main cultures .txt that I can see, so I'll be looking around for that soon. For tonight though, I am done with modding. Sounds like you could use it too after that list. :p
The 'Reeve' would be responsible for the management of law enforcement and the handling of land disputes. They were pretty much a cross between a minor noble and a local sheriff which had some say in local political dealing such as the Witenagemot, a meeting of local landowners and higher ups who were assembled in order to give advice to the King.
Originally introduced by the Normans as a way of easily dividing the newly-conquered lands of England, they grew in political, industrial and even religious significace and the centuries rolled on by. I believe that the counties in England, whether they are classed as Shires or not, have remained the same for some 2 centuries now.
And your guess at 'Engaland' is only minutely off.
Alfred the Great's vision of a unified land is, in reality, the only reason such a nation called England exists. His original idea, carried on through his daughter Aetheflaed and his Grandson, Edward, would be the ultimate ideal of a cultural destiny and formation of identity that was three generations in the making.
ENGLALAND - A christian nation, united in faith, culture and by, above all, law and learning. 'The land of the Angles' - NO more Mercia, NO more East Anglia, NO more Northumbria, a united front of a single peoples that would stand throughout time, a testament to the strength of Catholicism in the eyes of the Pagan Norse peoples.
England (well, britannia) between the 5th and 10th centuries was primarily comprised of minor Kingdoms and a whole slew of border disputes and full on wars that came with such a wide division of land.
Around 520 AD, the Kingdoms of Sussex, Surrey, Kent, Essex and East Anglia had fallen to the invading Saxons (the local inhabitants are more or less just classed as 'Britons' but Wessex was able to resist the onslaught. Under the lead of their King, Cerdic (the firs of the House of Wessex, the same noble lineage that Alfred was descended from), they retook the Kingdoms of Sussex, Surrey and Kent. - The rest is more or less covered in the 'history' section of various titles in CK2 itself.
And if you are at all curious, I'd recommend reading up on the 'Heptarchy' - the period of the Seven 'major' kingdoms of the Anglo - Saxons
So, your suggestion is Englaland then for the Kingdom?
Yeah, I've actually been reading a bit on the Heptarchy, that's pretty interesting... I can't say the history of the British Isles is my strongest point, mainly just the Danelaw and Norman invasion before the 100 years war (well... Beyond Orkney but that's a little too early) so this is all pretty new to me.
I have a few things here from my own looking now. First what struck me as most interesting is the Kingdom of Bernice, which from my understanding united with Deira to form Northumbria. It seems to be part of modern day Scotland so maybe that'd be a good name for the south-eastmost duchy of Scotland?
I found it though, during looking for Barony names, unfortunately, while I found "Old" names for many in Northumberland county, but they unfortunately seem to have been modernized a bit. I still want to run them by you though because you'd know better than me, and I don't want to mess it up on assumption. :p
I only found four for it though, Alnwick while I see it is older than the Norman's rule, I did not find anything on the old name, yet.
Morpeth - Morthpaeth
Bamburgh - Bebbanburgh
Hexham - Hagustaldesee
Newcastle - Monkchester
I also noted that Gateshead seems to originate from Latin, or at least that's the theory.
Englaland would indeed be the form I believe is the most accurate. England as a national identity didn't firmly take route until the Hundred Years war. Up until the Norman Conquest, understandably, the majority of land owners and political movers in Britain were primarily of Anglo-Saxon and Norse (particularly Danish) descent. The Norman Conquest shook thinsg up a bit, reforming the system of govenrment under Norman Earls, the church was reformend in many ways, up until by William the Conquerers death in 1087 when only 8%(ish) of land was by then ruled by Anglo-Saxons. The flag of Saint George (Red cross on white background) was later adopted when the English (now fully realised as a national and cultural identity) pinioned it on many of their surcoats and haubergeons.
Bernicia and Deira were indeed the two former Kingdoms which combined to form Northumbria. The South-Eastern portions of Scotland (in-game Teviotdale and Lothian) also belonged to Northumbria. It is peculiar to note that Scotland didn't exist for quite a few centuries, hence the current title of 'Pictland' in the 769 start - 'Pictland' more or less meaning 'Land of the Painted Men' in Latin. In reality 'Pictland' was divided between the Eastern Pictish tribes (I gues confederation would be a simple way of terming them) and the Gaells (of Irish descent) in the West. Scotland more became a national identity after the full adoption of Christianity as the state religion and the merging of the Gaells and the Picts.
Of course, I can't forget to mention 'Alt Clut' and 'Dal Riata' which (as they are in-game) were another two smaller Kingdoms withthin the de-jure land of 'Pictland'.
A lot of the Anglo-Saxon names for the baronies are something of an anomaly. Northumbria was for many years under Danish rule and the given names of land was in cinstant flux - as 'Jorvik' so easily points out.
Place-names ending in -by, such as Grimsby ('Grimr's town') or Wetherby ('sheep's town' - wether is still used by farmers in the region to refer to a 'castrated ram'). There are 210 such -by place-names in Yorkshire. Compare modern Danish place-names, such as Brondby and Lyngby.
Place-names ending in -thorpe, such as Scunthorpe - thorpe is the Old Norse word for village or farmstead. There are 155 place names ending in -thorpe in Yorkshire.
So-called 'Grimston hybrids' - place-names that are a mixture of Anglo-Saxon and Viking words (-ton is an Anglo-Saxon word meaning town or village, and Grimr is a Viking personal name). There are 50 'Grimston hybrid' names in Yorkshire, including Wiggington, near York.
The Anglo-Saxon place-name Shipton was renamed by Vikings as Skipton. Similarly, the modern English words shirt and skirt actually started out life as the same word, meaning tunic. But the difference in pronunciation - one Anglo-Saxon, the other Viking in origin - now conveys a difference in meaning.
It's a bastard to do, but the only real hope we have in looking up the modernized names and trying to find the root - whether Danish or Anglo-Saxon in origin. The modern names should (for the most part) still be reasonably similar to how the were back under the Danelaw.
For some simplification, I reckon we could refer to the time of Athelflaed (Alfred the Great's Daughter) of Mercia as she had a lot of dealings with Mercia (including wars).
When I get the chance I'll do a preliminary run through of ALL the baronies, towns and bishoprics and try to interprit them as best I can. Unfortunately, this is a rather painful and involving undertaking, of which I shall be referring to Bernard Cornwell's works on the period for as much reference as I can.
And before I forget - the first four names you listed - they are correct (I don't mind a few mistakes here and there). Personally I know Bamburgh as Bebbanburg (dropping the 'h'), but like I said, the names are of quite a bit of debate - with lot of sources citing subtly different spellings.
Given I found some accurate ones, I'll certainly be helping with the baronies (because, after all, there are a ton) though, I will definitely continue to run them by you.
For now though, I'll put out a list of every single barony in de_jure England by their system name.
c_northumberland - Norþanhymbraland
...b_morpeth - Morthpaeth
...b_bamburgh - Bebbanburgh
...b_hexham - Hagustaldesee
...b_newcastle - Monkchester
...b_alnwick
...b_norham
...b_lindisfarne
...b_mitford
c_durham - Dunholm
...b_gateshead
...b_durham - Dunholm
...b_chester-le-street
...b_jarrow
...b_hartlepool
...b_aukland
...b_raby
...b_st_cuthbert
c_cumberland - Cumbraland
...b_carlisle
...b_burgh
...b_gilsland
...b_penrith
...b_egremont
...b_papcastlet
...b_cockermouth
...b_dacre
c_lancaster - Luneceaster
...b_salford
...b_lancaster - Luneceaster
...b_bolton
...b_preston
...b_sawly
...b_gisburn
...b_furness
...b_clitheroe
c_westmorland - Westmoringaland
...b_appleby
...b_kendal
...b_lowther
...b_cartmel
...b_kirkby
...b_brough
...b_shap
...b_brougham
c_chester - Ceasterscir
...b_halton
...b_malpas
...b_northwich
...b_macclesfield
...beeston
...b_sandbach
...b_nantwich
c_derby - Deorby
...b_derby - Deorby
...b_bakewell
...b_repton
...b_bolsover
...b_castleton
...b_chesterfield
...b_burton
...b_wirksworth
c_york - Eoferwic
...b_york - Eoferwic
...b_richmond
...b_st_peters
...b_scarborough (Norse ones are Skardaborg here)
...b_skipton
...b_pontefract
...b_hull
...b_conisbrough (Norse Kungsborg)
c_lincoln - Lincolne
...b_gainsborough
...b_lincoln - Lincolne
...b_boston
...b_spalding
...b_stamford
...b_grantham
...b_louth
...b_bardney
c_norfolk - Norþfolc
...b_norwich
...b_thetford
...b_buckenham
...b_lynn
...b_yarmouth
...b_elmham
...b_castle_rising
...b_chatteris
c_suffolk - Suþfolc
...b_ipswich
...b_ely
...b_lowestoft (Norse Lothvistoft)
...b_dunwich
...b_stow
...b_bungay
...b_framlingham
c_bedford - Beadafordscir
...b_bedford - Beadafordscir
...b_hertford
...b_st_albans
...b_berkhamsted
...b_luton
...b_dunstable
...b_watford
...b_ashridge
c_middlesex - Middleseaxe
...b_Westminister - (Norse Vestmystur)
...b_london
...b_st_pauls
...b_tottenham
...b_fulham
...b_staines
...b_harrow
...b_chelsea
c_essex - Eastseaxe
...b_maldon
...b_havering
...b_dunmow
...b_colchester
...b_waltham
...b_barking
...b_pleshey
...b_hedingham
c_nothampton - Hamtunescir
...b_peterborough
...b_huntingdon
...b_ramsey
...b_northampton - Hamtunescir
...b_kettering
...b_cambridge
...b_crowland
...b_rockingham
c_leicester - Lægreceastre
...b_leicester - Lægreceastre
...b_nottingham
...b_southwell
...b_newark
...b_hucknall
...b_tickhill
...b_worksop
...b_newstead
c_warwick - Wæringscir
...b_coventry
...b_warwick - Wæringscir
...b_lichfield
...b_stafford
...b_tamworth
...b_kenilworth
...b_tutbury
c_worcester - Wigreceastrescir
...b_worcester - Wigreceastrescir
...b_evesham
...b_droitwich
...b_kidderminster
...b_pershore
...b_malvern
...b_bromsgrove
...b_laughern
c_gloucester - Gleawcester
...b_gloucester - Gleawcester
...b_sudeley
...b_tewkesbury
...b_cheltenham
...b_circencester
...b_winchcombe
...b_bristol
...b_hailes
c_wiltshire - Wiltunscir
...b_wilton
...b_sarum
...b_clarendon
...b_malmesbury
...b_salisbury
...b_devizes
...b_ramsbury
...b_marlborough
c_oxford - Oxnafordscir
...b_oxford - Oxnafordscir
...b_wallingford
...b_abingdon
...b_buckingham
...b_banbury
...b_reading
...b_aylesbury
...b_eynsham
c_surrey - Suþrige
...b_farnham
...b_guildford
...b_lambeth
...b_southwark
...b_woking
...b_chertsey
...b_croydon
...b_waverley
c_kent - Centlond
...b_rochester
...b_dover
...b_canterbury
...b_faversham
...b_sandwich
...b_lympne
...b_romney
...b_tonbridge
c_sussex - Suþseaxe
...b_hastings
...b_pevensey
...b_chichester
...b_lewes
...b_arundel
...b_rye
...b_bramber
...b_bodiam
c_winchester - Westseaxe
...b_southampton
...b_portchester
...b_winchester - Westseaxe (I imagine we might want to differentiate there?)
...b_carisbrooke
...b_romsey
...b_andover
...b_st_swithun
...b_wherwell
c_dorset - Dorsæt
...b_wareham
...b_corfe
...b_shaftesbury
...b_dorchester
...b_sherborne
...b_lyme
...b_weymouth
...b_wimborne
c_somerset - Sumorsæt
...b_bath
...b_wells
...b_ilchester
...b_taunton
...b_muchelney
...b_castle_cary
...b_glastonbury
...b_cleeve
Whew. That's a lot of work ahead of us. I just got home from work pretty recently so I've not done anything yet, but I'll be looking up some here shortly.
OK, been doing some research, here's what I've found.
c_northumberland - Norþanhymbraland
...b_morpeth - Morthpaeth
...b_bamburgh - Bebbanburgh
...b_hexham - Hagustaldesee
...b_newcastle - Monkchester
...b_alnwick - Originates from "Wic" meaning farm, and the river Aln, so it should require no change.
...b_norham - Ubbanford is what I'm finding, thought to be a corruption of upper ford. That might be Norse though...
...b_lindisfarne - Lindisfarena according to the Peterborough Chronicle
...b_mitford - built in the 11th century, yet I can't find anything here. We could "corrupt" it from middle ford like I'm guessing is the origin.
c_durham - Dunholm
...b_gateshead - There's apparently evidence that "Gateside" was used in Newcastle, but it seems this would be the same.
...b_durham - Dunholm
...b_chester-le-street - All I can find currently here is that they translated the bible here, and an interesting writeup on Old English dialects. :p
...b_jarrow - Gyrwe seems to be what we want here. There's a museum with a Anglo-Saxon farm named that after the Old English name for Jarrow.
...b_hartlepool - Heratu, Hereteu, Herterpol, Hertellpolle, and Hierdepol are all names it had, starting from the oldest.
...b_aukland - Built 1183; I can't really find a whole lot on it.
...b_raby - Built well after the "Modern" English came about.
...b_st_cuthbert - Built too late but draws its name from "Vita Sancti Cuthberti" so maybe "Sancti Cuthberti"? The issue of course being it is Latin...
c_cumberland - Cumbraland
...b_carlisle - In Cumbric it was Caer Luel.
...b_burgh - That seems to be the same as it was back then.
...b_gilsland - ...I see that they have a rock with a name derived from Poppelstone...
...b_penrith - Most likely originates from Cumbric; either "Pennrid" meaning "Hill ford" or "Pen Rith" meaning "Red Town."
...b_egremont - Seems to originate from Anglo-Norman.
...b_papcastle - Papicæster
...b_cockermouth - Named after the mouth of the river its on, which was named from the Brythonic word "kukrā."
...b_dacre - Apparently a mix of the Celtic Dakro, and æcer. So, maybe Dæcer?