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Ilmoita käännösongelmasta
Building isn't the issue either, the USSR had coast line on the Black Sea and as such had freedom of movement for military vessels based in their Black Sea ports anyway as per the Montreux Convention, as well as moving them out of the Black Sea from shipyards if based elsewhere.
Fact is, Turkey never challenged the Soviet position on the carrier issue (which isn't well-defined in the Convention) regarding these vessels, as they would have more than likely lost some of their control over the straits as a result and as such were never interested in debating this further, and the USSR itself was quite happy to keep the status quo as well as it hampered the US but not them.
If you are in doubt about how little they actually cared, consider that their first true aircraft carrier (of course a "heavy aircraft cruiser") was laid down in Ukraine.
They were building what they wanted, the ship designs had nothing to do with the Montreux Convention, merely what they called them, and there was quite a bit of ulterior motive in that decision.
The Moskva and Kiev were explicitly designed as fleet screening vessels, and that carried to the capabilities of the Kusnetzov as well. This is a stark contrast to the US carriers, or even fleet carriers in WW2, which were offensive weapons in terms of their air wings.