Tsumego Puzzle Solutions and Explanations 死活题解法以及思路 (WIP)

An attempt at doing a solution list for the tsumego puzzles and actually explaining the moves so new players can understand them. It's a lot of work so I would welcome collaborators.

游戏里面死活题没有解题思路，有的时候解出来也不知道为什么。为了帮助新手，在这里提供一些相关解题思路。鉴于游戏里面死活题数量庞大，如果有人愿意合作一起做的话，非常欢迎。

Foreword 前言

Since the game doesn't really bother explaining the tsumego puzzles, I'll try to do a solution list for the puzzles so newcomers can get a better idea at how some puzzles work. I used to be a 4 dan player but my skills are pretty rusty right now so please forgive me if I missed anything or got anything wrong. Feel free to point out my mistakes too. Have my thanks in advance.
生死题只给了题但是没有解释，所以想自己做下注解，帮助一些新手来了解围棋。我以前是一个业余4段棋手，但是可能有十多年都没有正经下过围棋了，所以如果我做的注解里面有错误或者是漏掉了什么的话，还恳请各路大佬指出，在这里提前谢谢各位了。

P.S. The tsumego puzzles start off with really simple puzzles, but considering this guide is also for newcomers, I'll be going over all of them.
开始的一些死活题都非常简单，基本上就是一眼能看出来的那种，但是考虑到这个攻略也希望能帮助到新手，所以我还是争取挨个讲每一道题。

Basic Coordinates 基本坐标

To make expressing the solutions easier, solutions will be expressed in coordinates. Starting from the bottom left, the x axis will be alphabetical letters while the y axis will be numbers.
为了表达方便，从左下角开始，从左到右用字母表达，从下到上用数字表达。

Basic Capture 吃子练习 Q1-Q21

Q1

Solution 解法: F1
Explanation 思路:
The white stone at e1 has only one liberty, placing at f1 removes said liberty and removes the white stone in question. 位于E1的白棋只有一口气，直接提子即可

Q2

Solution 解法: B2
Explanation 思路:
The three white stones on the lower left corner has only one liberty at B2. Placing a piece at B2 removes said liberty and the white stones. 左下角三颗白棋只有在B2的一口气，直接在B2下提子即可。

Q3

Solution 解法: D5
Explanation 思路:
The two white stones has only one liberty at D5. Placing a piece at D5 removes said liberty and the white stones. 右侧白棋两颗子只有D5一口气，直接在D5下提子即可。

Q4

Solution 解法: C1
Explanation 思路:
The two white stones has only one liberty at C1. Placing a piece at C1 removes said liberty and the white stones. 左下角白棋两颗子只有C1一口气，直接在C1下提子即可。

Q5

Solution 解法: C2
Explanation 思路:
The lone white stone has only one liberty at C2. Placing a piece at C2 removes said liberty and the white stone. 白棋一颗子只有C2一口气，直接在C2下提子即可。

Q6

Solution 解法: G1
Explanation 思路:
The three white stones has only one liberty at G1. Placing a piece at G1 removes said liberty and the white stones. 白棋一颗子只有G1一口气，直接在G1下提子即可。

Q7

Solution 解法: D3
Explanation 思路:
The main issue here is that the two black stones at C4 and C5 are one move away from being eliminated, thus requiring immediate aid. Placing a stone at D3 will eliminate the white stones at C3 and D4+D5, thus saving the black stones at C4 and C5 and sealing the fate of the three white stones at E1+E2+E3. 这里C4 C5处的黑棋只剩下一口气，无法出头。只有下在D3处，提掉C3和D4+D5两处白子才能解救黑子的同时锁死E1+E2+E3处的三颗白子。

Q8

Solution 解法: A3
Explanation 思路:
Looks like the five black stones are surrounded and one move away from being eliminated, but the four white stones on the lower left is also one liberty away from being eliminated. Remove the liberty by placing the black stone at A3 to remove the white stones. 看似黑棋五颗子被白棋包围而且只剩一口气，但是左下角四颗白棋同样也只有一口气。下在A3处提掉白子。

Q9

Solution 解法: E4
Explanation 思路:
Looks like white has an eye here, but it is a false eye (meaning it is insecure). Play at E4 to remove the top five white pieces. 白棋看似是个眼，但是其实是个假眼，下在E4提掉假眼上面五颗白子。

Q10

Solution 解法: B2
Explanation 思路:
The biggest prize on this board is the 5 white stones on the lower left corner, compared to the three white stones in the middle or the two on the right. In fact, if you eliminate the three stones on the lower left corner, the three in the middle and the two on the right cannot escape. The only way for white to keep the lower left corner alive is to play a stone at A2, eliminating the black stone at A1 and securing two eyes at once. To prevent this, play at B2 to eliminate the three white pieces at B1 C1 and C2. 看似需要思考杀三块棋中哪一块，但是仔细观察可以发现中间和右边的白棋基本上已经逃不掉了。白棋左下角唯一做活方式是在A2处下，提掉A1黑棋同时做成两个眼。为了防止白棋做活，下在B2处提掉B1 C1 C2三颗白棋，其他白棋无法成活。

Q11

Solution 解法: A1
Explanation 思路:
The four white pieces and three black pieces that are surrounded both have one liberty left. To save the three black pieces, the four white pieces needs to be eliminated by playing at A1. 左下方被包围的四个白棋和三个黑棋都只有一口气。下在A1处提掉四颗白子可以解救三颗黑子。

Q12

Solution 解法: E5
Explanation 思路:
The seven white stones in the middle have only one liberty at E5, play at E5 to eliminate them before white eliminates any of the surrounding black stones. 中间围困的七颗白棋在E5只有一口气，在白子能提掉围困白子的黑子之前下在E5直接提掉中间白子。

Q13

Solution 解法: D5
Explanation 思路:
While technically the white group on the lower left corner has a false eye, but it is all but invulnerable. The main goal here is to save the black pieces at B4 and C4 before they are eliminated. Playing at D5 will allow the removal of the right half of the other false eye and removing a liberty for the two white pieces at B5 and C5。虽然理论上来说左下角白棋有一个眼还不是真眼，但是左下角白棋基本已经做活无法杀掉。需要在白棋提掉B4+C4两颗黑子之前解救他们。下在D5处提掉假眼右半部分即可救活B4C4两颗黑子同时紧B5+C5两颗白子一口气。

Q14

Solution 解法: H1
Explanation 思路:
While going after the three white pieces at G4 G5 and G6 can seem attractive, black has two groups of stones that are one liberty away from being eliminated while the three white pieces have two liberties. To prioritize, play at H1 to eliminate the two white pieces at H2 and H3. You will then notice that not only did you save the two black pieces at G1 and G2, you also prevented the two white groups on the left from breaking out, effectively eliminating them. 虽然看起来可能吃掉G4 G5 G6处三颗白子比较诱人，但是要注意到有两块黑棋只剩下一口气但是那三颗白棋还有两口气。下在H1提掉H2 H3两颗白子不但可以解救G1 G2两颗黑子，同时也确保左边两块白棋无法脱出成为死棋。

Q15

Solution 解法: F4
Explanation 思路:
Play at F4 to eliminate the four white pieces at F5 F6 G4 G5 while rescuing the three black pieces at D5 E5 and E6. 下在F4提掉F5 F6 G4 G5处四颗白棋同时解救D5 E5 E6处三颗黑棋。

Q16

Solution 解法: E4
Explanation 思路:
The main purpose of this puzzle is so the player can figure out the numbers of liberties even on a complex chessboard. Play at E4 to kill off the white pieces. 这道题主要难点应该是需要在棋盘错综复杂环境下能看清楚每块棋有几口气。下在E4即可。

Q17

Solution 解法: G5
Explanation 思路:
Ditto. Play at G5 to remove the white group. 同上，下在G5提掉五颗白子即可。

Q18

Solution 解法: F7
Explanation 思路:
Ditto. Play at G5 to remove the white group. 同上，下在F7提掉三颗白子即可。

Q19

Solution 解法: F5
Explanation 思路:
I am not too sure about this one, but IMO playing at F5 to not only eliminate a single black piece, but also forces white to respond. The difference between playing at F5 and going straight to eliminate the two white groups down under is that you can potentially play more hands if white doesn't respond to your elimination I guess? 说实话这个我也不是特别清楚，给的解是F5提子，但是我感觉这样无非就是做出来个劫强迫白棋应一手。个人感觉和直接下面去紧白棋的气没啥差别。

Q20

Solution 解法: E7
Explanation 思路:
You can't save the three black pieces at C6 C7 and C8, so the only way is to eliminate the white's false eye. Play at E7 to do so. C6 C7 C8的黑棋救不了，所以只能杀掉白棋假眼来活棋。在E7下直接提掉假眼左半边即可。

Q21

Solution 解法: E4 E5
Explanation 思路:
It looks like white has the two black pieces pinned down, but by playing at E4, black is essentially threatening a white piece, forcing the white piece to respond, thus allowing black to escape. 看起来白棋枷住了黑棋，但是在E4下可以打白子一下，白方需要长一口气，黑棋也跟着长就活了。

Basic Capture 吃子练习 Q22-Q37

Q22

Solution 解法: E5 D5
Explanation 思路:
The lone black piece cannot make more liberties immediately, thus, black needs to threaten white at E5, forcing white to respond to the move. Once white responds, play at D5 to connect the two black pieces. This can ensure the survival of the black pieces. If white plays at F5, black can just keep going upwards, white cannot kill black that way. If white plays at F6, black can play at F5 to kill the two white pieces at E5 and E6. 黑棋单独一颗子第一步没法给自己长气，所以必须先在E5打白棋一手，白棋被迫应一手，黑棋在D5处粘一下就可以了。白棋如果下一步下在F5，黑棋直接往上长即可，白棋无法吃掉黑棋；如果下在F6，黑棋可以直接下在F5锁死E5 E6两颗白子。

Q23

Solution 解法: E3 E4
Explanation 思路:
The first move is to prevent the single white piece in the middle to connect with the two white pieces on the right. Play at E3 to stop them from connecting. White will play at D4. Black should play at E4 to form the "twist goat head" pattern. If black plays at E5 to do the shackle move, then white can play at D1 or E1, forcing black to play at E4 or D5. If black tries to separate the white pieces from the bottom, the white side can then separate the black pieces on top and on the bottom. Once black plays at E4 or D5, white can then connect the pieces in the lower left corner with the pieces on the right, thus surviving. 首先要防止中间白子和右边白子连起来，所以下在E3。白棋会长一步。之后E5继续打，形成扭羊头之势。之所以是E4不是E5是因为如果下在E5，白棋下一步可以下在D1或者E1，这样的话黑棋必须下在E4或者D5，如果从下面断的话，会被白棋从上面切断，从而被杀。如果下在E4或者D5，白棋在下面就可以把角里面的棋和外面连起来，从而活过来。

Q24

Solution 解法: E5 E6
Explanation 思路:
Using reverse logic, you can discover that if white plays at E5, it will lock down the lone black piece. If black plays at E5, this will force white to respond at F6. Black can then make a move at E6 to get out of the stranglehold. 这里反向思维一下可以发现白棋下在E5可以锁死黑棋。黑棋下在E5打白棋，白棋会长一口气，黑棋下在E6出头即可。

Q25

Solution 解法: D4 D5
Explanation 思路:
The three black pieces in the middle cannot break out from the right, so they have to move upwards. This will threaten the white pieces and force white to play at A4. Black can then play at D5 to connect the pieces on the inside and the ones on the outside, thus surviving. Technically black can play at A5 after D4, forcing white to play at A2 or have four pieces eliminated, black can then play at D5. I guess the game just went with the fastest route. 中间三颗黑子往右无法突围，必须往上突围同时打白子一下，白子A4粘住，黑子D5粘住就活了。理论上来说可以D4之后接A5继续打，白棋必须A2粘住，这时候黑棋再D5粘住，但是游戏给出来的是最简洁的方法。

Q26

Solution 解法: B4 D4
Explanation 思路:
Take a look at the board. The two blacks on the bottom left corner is one liberty away from being eliminated and they can't be saved, so don't bother. The main objective is to save the two in the middle. While it looks like they are shackled, we can pull it off by playing at A4 to threaten the white piece at B3, this will force white to play at A3 to save it. Black can then play at D4 to lockdown the white piece at C4. 首先看下棋盘，可以看到最左下角的两颗黑子只有一口气而且救不了。救不了就不强行救了，剩下就是中间的两颗黑子也被枷了。首先要做的是拿到一手主动权。先下在B4打白棋一手，白棋必定会A3粘住，这时下在D4锁死C4处白棋即可活棋。

Q27

Solution 解法: F2 F3
Explanation 思路:
Similar to the last puzzle, the black at D2 cannot be saved, so discard it. Play at F2 to force white's hand. White will play at D1 to eliminate the black piece. Black can play at F3 to connect the inside pieces with the outside pieces, thus surviving. 和上一题性质类似，D2处黑棋救不了所以舍掉。先下F2打白棋，白棋会下在D1提掉黑子，这时下在F3就可以把里面的黑棋和外面的黑棋连起来活棋。

Q28

Solution 解法: E6 E4 F4
Explanation 思路:
While it looks like the three black pieces are shackled and locked down, you can notice that the white connection on the top right corner isn't tight. First play at E6 to threaten the white piece on the top, forcing it to make a move at D7. Then play at E4 to threaten the white piece at E5, forcing it to make a move at F5. Finally play at F4 to get out of the stranglehold. 首先观察棋盘，可以看到白棋右上角连接不扎实，先下在E6打，白棋会长一下，之后下在E4继续打，白棋长，这时候下F4就逃出生天了。

Q29

Solution 解法: E5 E3 F3
Explanation 思路:
This one is similar to the last one. First play at E5 to force white's hand, then play at E3 to force white's hand again, finally play at F3 to connect the blacks inside and the blacks outside as to survive. 这题和上题一个思路，先下在E5强迫白棋长，再下在E3强迫白棋长，最后下在F3把里面和外面黑棋连接起来活棋。

Q30

Solution 解法: F5 D5 D6
Explanation 思路:
This one is similar to the last one. First play at F5 to force white's hand, then play at D5 to force white's hand again, finally play at D6 to connect the blacks inside and the blacks outside as to survive. 这题和上题一个思路，先下在F5强迫白棋长，再下在D5强迫白棋长，最后下在D6把里面和外面黑棋连接起来活棋。

Q31

Solution 解法: D5 D6 D7
Explanation 思路:
While it looks like the two back pieces are locked down tight, but by playing at D5 D6, it can constantly threaten the white pieces on the right. Finally, by playing at D7, black will break out of the stranglehold. 黑棋看似被枷死，但是可以通过在D5和D6不停打白棋来出头，最终下在D7逃出生天。

Q32

Solution 解法: F5 F3 E3
Explanation 思路:
Similar to the last one, play at F5 and F3 to constantly force white's hand. The move at F3 doubles as a step closer to reconnect with the black pieces on the left. You cannot play the first move at E6 since white can then play at F5, causing black to lose the ability to force white's hand and thus fail to reconnect. 和之前一题思路类似，F5打，F3打的同时靠近左边黑棋，最后把黑棋连起来救活。一开始不能在E6打，否则白棋F5粘之后黑棋就丧失了继续打的能力从而失去先手。

Q33

Solution 解法: E6 E4 F4
Explanation 思路:
Similar to the last puzzle, E6 and E4 to force white's hand. F4 to connect. 和之前题目思路类似，E6 E4连续打，F4连接即可。

Q34

Solution 解法: E6 E4 F4
Explanation 思路:
Similar to the last puzzle, E6 and E4 to force white's hand. F4 to finally escape. 和之前题目思路类似，E6断打，E4继续打，F4逃出生天即可。

Q35

Solution 解法: B5 B6 C8 B8
Explanation 思路:
The focus here is the three white pieces topside. The three white pieces and two black pieces have two liberties each. Black cannot break out from the bottom and must kill the white three. Play at B5 first since playing at C6 will allow white to reconnect at B5, thus failing immediately. Then keep the pressure up by playing at B6, white will respond at C7. Play at C8 to form a kill move. White will actually play at B7, don't do this when you are playing since there is no way to save this situation. Finally play at B8 to finish the puzzle. 这题突破点在上方拐三形状的白棋，上方白棋和下方黑棋都是两口气，黑棋无法从下方逃离，只能去杀上方白棋。先下在B5，因为下在C6白棋直接在B5连起来。白棋反应下在C6，继续紧他的气。白棋继续C7，黑棋走C8，形成一个扭羊头。白棋下一步接羊头(正式自己下棋的时候不要接这样的棋)。最后走在B8完成。

Q36

Solution 解法: E4 F3
Explanation 思路:
Black can play at E4 to attack two pieces. White can only save one. Black can then play at F3 to eliminate the other. 黑棋下在E4双打吃，白只能救一个，黑棋下一步F3提子

Q37

Solution 解法: D5 E4
Explanation 思路:
Similar to the last one, play at D5 to attack two white sections and when white saves one, kill the other by playing at F4. 和上一题类似，都是双打之后提一边。D5双打，E4提子。

Basic Capture 吃子练习 Q38

Q38

Solution 解法: E4 F3
Explanation 思路:
Similar to the last one, play at E4 to attack two white sections and when white saves one, kill the other by playing at F3. 和上一题类似，都是双打之后提一边。E4双打，F3提子。

[cody小旭]

Q37英文版写错了，是kill the other by playing at E4

[Kotoyou]

感觉吃子练习里一些是死活啊，，目的是黑子活活而不是吃掉白子

[回汐]

昨天刚好做到三十题，非常感谢高手

[The Mogician]

@回汐 多谢支持，会努力加速更新

[回汐]

太有帮助了，已经点赞，速速更新，我21关就已经开始不懂了