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My CPU and GPU fans are, though
I have to correct you on that, sorry.
For most CPUs, somewhere between 60 and 80 Celsius is the ideal temperature range. That's the range that both Intel and AMD CPUs are designed to run at. Anything below that is a bonus.
85 is totally safe, but not really ideal. The PC will be Throwing Heat by that point, and that's not nice to sit next to. If it's getting that hot, then I'd recommend a better CPU Cooler.
PC cooling is handled by the CPU Cooler, rather than the Case Fans. Case Fans blow air into and through the case, but it's the Heatsink and Fan assembly of the CPU Cooler that actually does the hard work. If your PC is running hot, upgrade the CPU cooler. Not only is that cheaper than replacing or adding multiple fans, it'll get you a 10-20 Celsius difference as opposed to 1-2 Celsius.
Liquid or Air cooler? If it's an Air Cooler, you could probably solve that with more efficient fans. Bolt some Noctua High Static Pressure fans onto it, that should sort it out.
At that age I'd recommend popping it off, carefully cleaning the CPU surface and Contact Plate with Isopropyl Rubbing Alcohol and a Cotton Tip, and then adding fresh Thermal Paste. That should get you at least 5 degrese celsius, maybe more.
Thermal Paste expires after a couple of years and loses some of it's effectiveness. I normally recommend people replace it every 3 years - it's a quick and cheap fix, but it makes a big difference. I did a 3-year change on my older PC last year and picked up 12 degrees. And it also used a 212 EVO.
I'm sorry, but that just isn't true.
Nvidia and AMD GPUs, Intel and AMD Ryzen CPUs are specifically designed to run at those temperatures. That's the ideal operating range for all of the above, and there's absolutely no risk of damaging or wearing the chip.
Computers aren't made of glass, and people need to realize that. And besides, ALL modern hardware have Thermostats and Emergency Failsafes built in. The CPU won't even allow you to overheat it, it'll automatically shut down long before it reaches a dangerous temperature.
Current-Gen Intels are even more extreme. The i5 and i7 are now TDP 100W CPUs, and can run into the 80s quite comfortably, with Failsafes only kicking in at the low 100s.
So what's the maximum safe temperature? For Intel it's about 99 degree celcius, at which point the CPU will detect an overheat and dramatically scale back power. That's still not enough to cause any damage. To actually damage the CPU you'll need a temperature of 120-ish or higher. Only once you reach the low-mid hundreds will you actually see wear and tear.
I have some issues with what you're saying. First off, yes, you are right, it'll shut down when it reaches the thermal margin max, BUT you don't want to keep a CPU at 80+ (especially when gaming) for long, as that'll damage the CPU's lifespan and potentially damage a cooler (assuming you're using a stock cooler).
Secondly, I don't know why you'd want ANYTHING above 60 degrees, which is why I keep my CPU at a relatively low temperature point. And as your CPU temp goes up, performance goes down (throttling).
They have the CAPACITY to run at those temperatures and above, but there's no reason as to WHY you'd want to operate at those temperates.