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Save as much data off it as you can, then contact manufacturer and ask for a replacement, if you can. If not buy a new HDD/SSD.
No clue why it's failing, I don't know how you treat or use your hardware.
check the smart status of the drive with aida64 or hdtune
you dont have long before it fails
any pending or re-allocated is a sign to start looking
when flagged as bad is when the drive will start losing storage
chkdsk /r/f
The /f argument will attempt to fix the corruption. A message that the drive is in use will appear, type Y for yes and restart machine. The scan will start and it may take a long while, depending. When it's complete, find the results in Event Viewer/Applications.
https://winaero.com/how-to-find-chkdsk-results-in-windows-10/
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/chkdsk
https://superuser.com/questions/61899/will-reformatting-my-hard-drive-fix-bad-sectors-on-it
Most hard drives made today (referring to consumer drives) are manufactured in such a way that they really only just work. The drive manufacturers add extra bits so that the drive can compensate the gradual loss of these writable bits.
If you really want to resolve the drive then an application like SpinRite will attempt to read all the data from the current sectors and probably is the number one tool used by skilled data recovery experts short of using a clean room and putting the platters into another piece of hardware.
So in short a low level format may help re-find bad sectors and mark them as such but it would be a waste of your time and effort on a modern drive (eg: post y2k). Using SpinRite may help in data recovery and helping find other sectors that are starting to degrade.
Like Jason has said, once you have moved beyond 5-10% of the drive having bad sectors, its time to no longer use this drive for data that you wish to keep.
the drive knows when its gong bad and logs it in the smart table
windows default tools dont look at it
bad sectors are like rust, they will spread