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You can not simply compare two CPUs by just their clock speed.
That's like comparing two cars based on their RPM in the engine.
If your question is does turboboost hurt performance? The answer is no. The technology has been around for well over 15 years. People often have concerns, but it's mostly their imaginations running wild.
But if you just have to have it answered as phrased. If you have two CPU's that are arbitrarily the same. And one is configured to just run at 3.5ghz and the other turboboosts to 3.5ghz then there'd be virtually no difference in performance.
on laptops they will turbo to core usage profiles as long as it has the power and cooling to do so
99% personal preference. There's a million things you can do that are pretty inconsequential when you come down to it. Either one works just about as well as the other. Although sometimes you can start to rationalize things aren't just a preference, no, it's the bestest, smartest way to do things, because...
example i run an asus strix gaming Z 270 H main board .. the bios itself will auto detect the clocks and set my CPU ratio to 44 ..(not 38 for the multiplier ) on all 4 cores once i run the asus auto tune setting in my bios ..
can i OC my 7600 K more ? .. yes but i choose not too ..as the temps are fine as well as voltages never needed any adjustment ..and the CPU and the VRM's seems fine with the temps i see .. even on HOT summer days everything stays under 68 C under load with my choice of CPU cooler ( hyper evo 212 )
so yes depends on your bios and the motherboard you chose and cooling and CPU no a dual core I 3 will not run a \hyper threaded core at the same speed as core 0
turbo boost i have off ..since my core speeds on all 4 cores indeed ,are already above the turbo speed for an i 5 7600 K of 4.2 ghz
https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/97144/intel-core-i5-7600k-processor-6m-cache-up-to-4-20-ghz.html
if you do not have a K series CPU... no do not over clock it ..as most likely the multiplier is already LOCKED ..and if you have a cheap main board your overclocking options , are indeed limited
I'm not aware of a board that only boosts some of the cores. However I do know that current CPU's (like mine) will have a maximum "up to" turbo boost speed and that's achievable by only one or two cores. With incrementally lower speeds for a larger number of cores until you get to a speed that's achievable by all cores.
So for the 8700k for example, at stock configuration.
Turbo Frequency
4,700 MHz (1 core),
4,600 MHz (2 cores),
4,500 MHz (3 cores),
4,400 MHz (4 cores),
4,400 MHz (5 cores),
4,300 MHz (6 cores)
So I'm not aware of any CPU's or motherboards that would say just boost 4 of the 6 cores, and two of the cores just run at the maximum stock speed.
the op said he has an I 5 not an i 7 8700 K
and yes some intel CPU'S do not support turbo boost tech and many basic mainboards from prebuilt PC's do indeed have very limited options in the bios .. see a HP or DELL bios for example versus , a store bought ASUS , MSI , AS rock gaming main board for a system build
also see
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skylake_(microarchitecture)
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaby_Lake
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee_Lake
not all cores run at the same clock under turbo boost ..same with other older Intel CPU generation cpu's
Well I was commenting on your post and not about i5's specifically, and I only used my CPU as an example of how turbo boost can behave across multiple cores out of convenience. But if you want to be pedantic i5 8600's behave similarly, albeit with slightly different speeds.
And it seems like you're moving the goal post. Because what you said is, and I already quoted this,
Which is a different claim than OEM motherboards not supporting turbo boost. Or some CPU's not supporting it. And it's also a different claim than cores boosting, but not to the same speed as the optimal single core boost. My post already covered that anyway so you explaining it to me after I already explained it is a bit redundant. And doesn't conceal the fact you're addressing everything but your original claim that some cores will boost, and some cores will not. IE remain at stock speeds. And I'm not aware of any CPU's Intel or AMD that exhibit that specific behavior.
I don't need to get into a pedantic argument over it. You can either provide some specific example of CPU's that only ever boost some cores, but never all of them. Or you can't. It seems like misinformation to me at the moment though.
Edit: https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/intel/core_i5/i5-7300hq there we go, the i5 7300hq and perhaps other mobile CPU's might operate that way. Only boosting some cores.