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The way it works is this:
1. DRAM frequency will run at the speed of the slowest module. If you have 1 module running at 3000, and another running at 2400, all RAM modules will run at 2400.
2. Timings will be set to the highest latencies of all installed modules. For instance, if that 3000 MHz module is CL16 while the 2400 MHz module is CL14, all RAM will run at CL16.
3. There are very few issues that can arise by running non-kitted RAM of varying capacities, speeds, and timings. The only case where it really does matter is with Ryzen as there is a much higher dependency on RAM, and AM4 has been more prone to memory issues.
Thanks for the elaboration!
So, for the most part I was right?
You also want to consult your motherboard manual to see which slot to add ram to. There will almost certainly be 4 slots, and they'll be color coded (two in one color, two in another). The ram will work regardless of slots used, but will work best if you use the correct ones.
Most motherboards use a dual channel system. In this system, two slots are assigned to each of two channels that can read and write to memory independently at the same time. When running two ram modules, you want one installed on each channel to take advantage of this.
In practical applications, x GB of RAM in dual channel is about 15-25% faster than the same x GB as single channel (what you have now is 8GB of single channel). This will help offset the performance lost by adding a slower module to the mix as per Escorve.
Because your modules are different capacities, what you'll have is 8GB total mapped as the faster two channel memory, plus the extra 4GB from the bigger module mapped as single channel.
The motherboard manual will specify which slots to use to take advantage of this. The channels might be labeled on the board as well. If you absolutely cannot find this information, I think slots 1 and 3 would be the most common.
Yeah, you were right on the DRAM frequency and potentially right with mixing when it comes to Ryzen.
if you carefully read what I wrote, I said that very few problems arise with kitted RAM. I didn't say that all kitted RAM would run perfectly, I said specifically that problems are much less likely to occur.
Also, tell that to Aquafawks because he seems to think that you have to use QVL RAM unless you want a 90% risk of failing to POST, even now after AGESA has been updated to fix those issues in 99% of AM4 motherboards.
ram can always run slower than its rated (lower freq, higher timings)
you can often trade off freq for timings as long as speed/cl is about the same
when mixing ram its safest to use highest common speed with lowest common timings
You proberly mean the other way around. Despite the fact that it is automatically done by the IMC
lowest common timings, cl 14 + cl 18+ = cl 18
after booting, look at cpuz spd tab to see the xmp profiles and find one thats closer to both dimms/sets and use that