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So, I think that you should go for a Ubuntu based distro (the latest LTS would be a good idea) with a DE that is comfortable for you and do a heavy use of docker containers in order to test your code (I believe that this is the standard for web devs now days).
By the way, I know that you asked for suggestion but I didn't gave one. And that's is simply because you asked for something that works "out of the box", and probably any distro will (out of Arch, probably), not to mention that DE preference is a very personal taste. So, I can only give you my current preferred/chosen distro: KDE Neon (Ubuntu LTS + latest version of KDE)
However for your needs, I recommend Kubuntu because its based of Ubuntu and Ubuntu is the most popular out of all of the Linux's out there, since that's the case, it probably has the best compatability for the dev software you will be using.
It's still very much in developement, the latests version recieved a desktop installer, so I am guessing they are also aiming at workstation use. Clear Linux by default has some of the best performance of all distros in various compute workloads.
OpenSUSE is also cool, it's basically a competitor to Fedora. I recommend running the OpenSUSE Leap instead of OpenSUSE Tumbleweed for stability. I found Tumbleweed to be quite unstable. SUSE does take security very seriously, this means their distro does have some of the worste performance due to all the cpu vulnerability mitigations.
Fedora, CentOS and RHEL are all basically the same thing. Fedora is made for workstations, CentOS for servers and RHEL is a paid version of CentOS.
Yes, I was definitely trying to mention all distros. Either case, I think I didn't mention a lot of them: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Linux_distributions
It's very fast, customizable, good looking, hast integration with Android phone and is pretty much Windows like, so it does not reinvent the wheel in an unintuitive way like Gnome 3.
Using Kubuntu makes me not to miss Windows 7 so much.