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You can very likely, inexpensively, find USB to IDE and EIDE adapters. I have a number of them that I've picked up over the years-- they range from small with exposed wires to devices that look sort of like toasters and external enclosures that you side the disk into and turn it on after it is snugly in place. Prices might range between $5 and $35 US dollars for one of variable quality depending on the price range.
There is no such adapter for MFM (or RLL) that I am aware of, but someone here might know more than me...
The SCSI drives will probably require a special card or adapter. I have never found a USB based external SCSI enclosure or adapter--they did not make them for performance reasons, and when USB caught up in performance, people moved onto different disk drives or that scsi drives never really hit that consumer segment to drive any real demand for such a thing.
You will probably need a cheap card to read them, and cabling as well. You can find then for cheap on amazon and ebay. If your father is anything like me, there are going to be cards in the collection somewhere that can be used to read the old drives, but nothing will be clearly marked or make a lot of sense.
You will want to look at the drives themselves, the connectors, and then search online for pictures of scsi drives and connectors -- and see if they match what else may be in the collection. It may be that for the scsi at least, you have what you need, but don't know what you need and so don't recognize what you have. I hope that makes sense.
Scsi drive controllers often would set up/provision/format the drives in a special way that can only be recognized by that controller--so even if you bought something used from somewhere to read a scsi drive, you might find that Windows wants to format them because they are unusable. Chances are good that the drives are readable on the card they were formatted with, and that you'd need to find that in the collection.
Also, if it was me, I'd have tried to keep the drives and controllers together, because I myself wouldn't enjoy figuring out whatever I did previously and what to match it with. If your father did not do that, it may be that he kept the drives after an upgrade or a replacement so that he had a plan B, and that actually not much of anything really important is on them because he copied it all during an upgrade. I don't want to say not to thoroughly go through your options to check, but some of us tech guys hold onto old hardware and don't part with it because we know stuff breaks. The problem is, 10 years later, we look at the stuff and still don't get rid of it. Then it becomes part of a collection in our museum of archaic technology. Considering this, I still think everything you need for the scsi drives is going to be around in the collection somewhere, but it may be that the data that is retrievalable isn't all that important if it wasn't already on a system actively reading the disks already. Older IDE stuff often will consist of old boot drives and things like that and may prove to have more sentimental info on them. This is just based on my experience with estate management and my own thoughts on things.
Older IDE and EIDE drives used to require a board to act as the "controller" (again, not going into detail and just using a common term to access the hard drives) but many many motherboards started to integrate the functionality and cabling would go right to the board.
Lastly, if you find any tapes, I'd expect that may be a good place to focus a lot of efforts. Anyone putting forth the effort to back up to a tape probably put something important there. If there are any, chances are also good everything you need to read the tapes is close by--odds are not good a tape worth keeping all this time has no means to read whats on it. So, there may be more computer gear nearby that can read the tapes, too--if there are any tapes to begin with.
BTW... my mom thinks she know where my dad got all those stupid HDD's..... the state of California sometimes has these sales where they sell and auction off old stuff they are no longer using or stuff that has been seized and so on..... My dad appearantly purchased a pallete load or two of random HDD's from one of those events..... I have heard sometimes you can find a real good bargain on the stuff they sell there, but it is often a cr@p shoot. I don't know what he intended to use those drives for.... maybe something to do with the magnets with in them? who knows....