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It happens every time it finds a bad file when you do a verification of the files too. But it's not for some heinous purpose even if it is, agreeably, a PITA and highly inconvenient. Data corruption is more common with larger and larger data transmissions and encryption/token methods too today.
I used to burn them to DVD. Now it makes more sense to dump the entire directory onto a USB stick.
If you use a USB stick and grab the entire directory, you don't have to download the new version, it just works.
I've been wondering about this for years: whenever someone has a problem, someone inevitably shows up and tells him that files got corrupted, and he should "verify local files" and stuff.
Where exactly do you guys get this idea? Files don't just randomly go bad; even if the disk goes bad, chances are that it will actually be flagged as an error because the error detection is designed to not get fooled easily. And Steam, like every other software, probably doesn't just ignore errors when reading files.
Since you asked...
Google iteration yourself and you'll see more, far more, these are just examples:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893965919301429
https://www.cengage.com/resource_uploads/downloads/0840069421_258759.pdf
https://www3.nd.edu/~zxu2/acms40390F12/Lec-7.3.pdf << Note this last one is www3 meaning it effects the web.
The fact there are so many competing Ph.d models to create accurate math, and that these are implemented in how the circuitry functions since these are also customers for computing, explains by its existence that there is a constant of error, some amount of error, and a constant of finding a way to fix it.
When I was much younger we had some calculation we punched into calculators, I believe it was (9 x 7), then /7, then /3, then /3 again, the answer was supposed to be 1, 8 of 10 would give some numerical .11111+E answer or something to that effect, and it was suggested, at the time, that engineers use this calculation to determine the right calculator to buy, or not.
These same algorithms, and more complicated, with a lot of theory like noted in the previous links, is incorporated in our Operating Systems, Our CPUs, Our GPUs, and as the www3 link indicates above, the entire web by the shear constant consideration and effort upon it.
Note here in the following link how the question many asked was whether it's a double precision CPU or not, and then explain how errors can "accumulate," https://devtalk.nvidia.com/default/topic/622302/cpu-and-gpu-floating-point-anomaly-/
If you look you'll find that no 2 computers identical in lot and model of its entire hardware and software run identically, differences in how the silicon took to the dye, paste application, subtleties we assume of no consequence have an effect, and the longer we "bake" the system by use, the more we reinforce these differences.
Data on a system that's being regularly updated, and where error can occur from any number of areas, intentional and unintentional, acts of nature, eddy currents, are all factors that can lead to data integrity loss and/or corruption.
I am just trying to be helpful because when something goes wrong and you don't know why it forces the question.
As to the USB stick, please consider that different parts of the Operating System are invoked to write & to manage a USB stick versus the Hard Drive or SSD for that matter, the interface creates the difference, and that actually may be giving you a clue as to either the driver for the hard drive and/or SSD or some hardware component related to it is not functioning properly for some reason (corrupted in some way, misconfigured, etc.), and yes it could be Steam too and sure they need a ticket about this, to rule that out or get it fixed. So it's good you did it from the USB as that rules out that it's a deeper component of the operating system itself and may also rule out Steam if Steam treats all devices the same, and would point directly to the driver or a driver conflict of some sort.
Just some ideas, again, trying to help.
I had the retail GOTY FO3, I did the directory drop thing when I got it on steam, exact same files. I think it replaced the executable and that was around 3 mb?
Steam backups are just busted.
Start a reddit and maybe even a crowdfund to be donated to Steam, doesn't have to be all that much but to make the point, to help afford fixing these things, and if not fix them find why they are messed up. Just a suggestion if you really just want it fixed.