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Sparta was very cruel to its slaves and conqured peoples.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helots
Athens however had slaves that had a certian amount of rights and could buy their way into freedom. As the article mentions, they would often be dressed the same as most citizens would and would be treated very fairly.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery_in_ancient_Greece#Athenian_slaves
So not only was Athens more fair to their slaves, but they also contributed a lot more in general in the long run.
And sure, maybe Sparta were mostly conquerors most of the time. However, for the Peloponnesian War specifically, it seems more like they were just protecting their allies from Athens.
https://www.y outube.com/watch?v=piAEzVOqHHU&t=1s
These two documentaries are great for anyone looking to learn more in preparation. Nice entertaining refresher course
Spartans were militaristic because of the numbers of slaves they held. It had nothing to do with the feeling of them being outsiders. In fact, Sparta was the most free society to women in the world, giving them lots of freedoms because men were usually in the military or gone with their army. The Spartans were outnumbered by their slaves 10 to 1. Which led to such a heavily militarized state. Also, Sparta was in the south. If you need a quick update on their rise and fall. heres a helpful video. https://youtu.be/YEmdlrpxfwc
Spartans were Dorian, they came from the north at some point and settled in southern Greece, founding Sparta as we know it. Many other Greeks such as the Athenians were Ionians, not Dorian.
The concept of Greece was also largely scoffed by the Spartans. They were isolationists and hardly seemed to like aiding their fellow Greeks, even in a crisis such as the Greco-Persian War. Nevertheless they were known to fight alongside others. Events such as the battle of Thermopylae does show an aim to glorify Sparta though, rather than any desire to partake in the founding of a wider nation than their city-state.
They also definitely had a superiority complex (one that military wise was pretty well deserved for a long time) and saw themselves as the best, not on level with other ancient Greeks.
Should have specified a bit more but this piece of text explains it a lot better than I did. Also military was indeed for surpressing the Helots but seeing themselves as different to the rest of Greece definitely played a part.
Thanks for posting these. I love history but haven't read much stuff about Greek. Are those two doco's you posted good for an intro into Greek history? I'm totally going to devour as much Greek history as I can in the next few days before I get the game.