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Disc harrows, power harrows, and cultivators all cultivate. Plows and subsoilers both plow.
basically its to improve yields. in rl its also field management, turning the chaff and crap on top under a few inches and bringing a freshly turned field ready for its next crop. the furrows also can collect more moisture and that means the seed beds are better for the seeds start.
its all about taking care of the soil. the better a job you do with the process the better the fields yields. the fertilizing, the nitrogen injection the turning of the soil. the weed spraying etc... farmers spend more time i think caring for the fields then in them planting and harvesting. better the soil the better the profits discounting mother natures influences.
Seeding after harvest can be, as direct seeding / no-till planting is a thing in real-life. Unlike the game, however, it can have massive impact on field composition compared to standard till planting.
In the game, you need to either plow or cultivate before planting, unless you use a direct seeder.
In real life, it's a question of what you want to achieve.
Disc harrows, power harrows, and cultivators all "cultivate" in this game. The primary differences are working widths, working speeds, power demand/working width ratio and flexibility.
Disc harrows are the middle ground here - they have better width than power harrows and worse width than cultivators, best working speed, best power demand ratio, but no flexibility (as in: power harrows can be combined with seeders to create a makeshift direct seeder).
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" The primary differences are working widths, working speeds, power demand/working width ratio and flexibility." - more info on this will be helpful. Thank you all for the info.
If one were to break this down to the most basic difference, then disc harrows would be used to cut and turn the soil in a manner similar to a plow (though much shallower and finer), a cultivator would be used to loosen, mix and pulverize the soil without turning it and down to a medium depth, and a power harrow would be used primarily for loosening and pulverizing the top soil for final seedbed preparation.
As far as the game is concerned, in a nutshell:
Cultivators
+ Largest working widths
/ medium power/working width ratio
- lowest working speeds
Disc Harrows
+ highest working speeds
+ best power/working width ratio
/ medium working widths
Power Harrows
+ flexibility (can be combined with small seeders to create a makeshift direct seeder)
/ medium working speed
- smallest working widths
- worst power/working width ratio