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报告翻译问题
Awesome :D. Thanks!
That's probably a wise decision. Many experts are still debating the validity of the current body shape proposed by Sereno and Ibrahim back in 2014. The model they used was actually a mix of several incomplete animals of different ages and sizes. They increased smaller samples to sizes they thought would be plausible for an adult animal. Not everyone was and is convinced of the shape or can agree on locomotion. The front limbs just aren't suited for quadropedal movement. We really need some good fossil evidence.
What we do know for sure is that it was a piscivore (fish eater) and spend most time submerged in water. Behaviour is something that will always be speculative, but we can look at modern analogues who have similar lifestyles. In this case a mix of grizzly and gavial.
It would be great for me to see the Spino take sunbaths and stay out of shadows when on low temperatures, and to see it under the shadows and underwater when on hot temperatures. I don't know how was average temperature in Egypt those days (Cretaceous), but maybe spino had a thicker skin/scales because of water exposure and aquatic fauna. Some pictures below:
https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/content/dam/kids/photos/animals/Dinosaurs/Q-Z/spinosaurus-side.ngsversion.1460134850811.jpg
https://www.agenciasinc.es/var/ezwebin_site/storage/images/noticias/el-dinosaurio-carnivoro-gigante-spinosaurus-se-alimentaba-como-un-pelicano/5596722-9-esl-MX/El-dinosaurio-carnivoro-gigante-Spinosaurus-se-alimentaba-como-un-pelicano_image_380.jpg
https://vignette.wikia.nocookie.net/prehistrico/images/5/5f/Spinosaurus.ngsversion.1467372286021.adapt.1900.1.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20180215170859&path-prefix=es
I Like that idea. Kinda like a hippo when you think about it. Temperatures during it's time were extremely hot, and it probably had to cope with seasonal droughts.
There isn't any debate about the proportions of the Spinosaurus anymore tho, what we don't know is how it moved like
Hmm... Let's take a look at the specimens we found:
BSP 1912 VIII 19: Incomplete original (holotype) specimen consisting of; some bits of the lower jaw, some vertebrae, neural spines, ribs, teeth and gastralia. This one was destroyed and lost during the bomming of Berlin at the end of WWII.
NMC 50791: Incomplete specimen consisting of a vertebra
MNHN SAM 124: Incomplete specimen consisting of a partial snout
BM231: Incomplete specimen consisting of a partial dentary
UCPC-2: Incomplete specimen consisting of the small bits of nasal crest from the region between the eyes.
MSNM V4047: Incomplete specimen consisting of the snout region
FSAC-KK 11888: Partially complete subadult found and described by Ibrahim (2014). This consists of cervical and dorsal vertebrae, some neural spines, a complete sacrum, femora, tibiae, pedal phalanges, caudal vertebra, several dorsal ribs and fragments of skull. Hindlimb region seemed disproportionately small compared to the rest of the body (but considered valid by most). This specimen was used together with other finds and material for the construction we see nowadays.
MNHM.KK374 to.KK378: Incomplete specimens consisting of some skull bones (quadrates). Different morphology suggest their could have been more than one Spinosaurid in Morocco.
There are a couple more, but it's mostly the same fragmentary bits and pieces we see mentioned above.
If you look at the evidence you see that it's not much to go on. It's mostly teeth, ribs, spines and some bits of hindlimb material. The last one is interesting as it hints at different Spinosaur species in the same region (although inconclusive).
The frontlimb region is largely unknown, but they have based this on other Spinosaurids like Suchomimus and Baryonyx. I am open minded though, but also wary of believing the current construction at face value as it's still based on incomplete material.
We need more specimens to be sure. The latest find (not mentioned above as it's really recent) also consisted of a foot claw (*) of a small juvenile.
(*) correction made thanks to the observation and valid remark of (DLG) Gojiratheking106
It didn't have any hindlimb material, it was just a foot claw
I stand corrected, thank you.
There we go. Good observation. It would definitily help with handling the weight of the animal (and for staying submerged under water), but balance is also important. Luckily many theropod dinosaurs have a handy aid, a long muscular tail.
It's all pieces of a big puzzle, we just need to find the missing ones :) . Isn't paleontology exiting? :D Even though we are no trained experts, if you're observant enough you can actually still make interesting observations and plausible explanations/speculations.
Since we haven't found much in the frontlimb department for Spinosaurus yet, it makes me wonder if this could have been reduced in size as well? It's a theory, but looking at other big theropod carnivores we always see a pattern of reduced front limbs size in later species. Could this be also the case for one of the last and biggest Spinosaurid? Food for thought.
It's starting to become a weird recuring pattern... XD
Those beasts were terrifying! At least the Deinosuchus is a MUST have!
They had to be. They were hunting and eating dinosaurs. Animals that weigh multiple tons!
Can you imagine? Some hapless duckbills drinking at the water's edge, when suddenly, WHAM! a twelve meter long crocodile lunges out of the water grabbing one by the neck and pulling the honking and terrified 3 ton creature into the murky depths to be drowned and devoured!
That would be a terrifying sight to behold indeed.
Their primary prey were turtles