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In a fully state-controlled economy (like if you finish by nationalising services segment in North Korea), even having -50% deflation won't matter and only does good (game-wise, but didn't test for prolonged periods like a couple of decades) if you keep improving production so your GDP has moderate increase or at least stays same, but higher inflation (more than 4-5%) will hurt you much.
Negative interest rate means private/semi-prtivate banks can hold deposits, but charge depositors for keeping money as well as state has to subsidise banks so they give out more loans to people and businesses. Having to have too low or negative interest rate means the economy has reached effective capacity and growth is moving towards recession thus state has to subsidise loans and penalise savings to revitalise the economy.
You can have a good surplus even with high inflation. Inflation just means currency's purchasing power value will decline over time so you will have to adjust salaries and social allowances (on top of that inflation already lessens your proficit because your spending will rise with each week/month, depending on longevity and severity of inflation) according to yearly/half-year accumulated inflation or people will suffer because of that.