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Someone should have sent them a copy of Sun tzu's work
There were tens of millions of clones at the very least in total at any one time on active duty. In any case, that doesn't change the factor that the Kaminoans per orders of Darth Tyranus did their best to keep clones from considering disloyalty without squashing their capacity for independent thinking. A hard balance that, and it should further be noted that Kamino never really fully trusted the Jedi or the Republic and was not so much in a political alliance as a military trade deal. As shown in Battlefront, the Kaminoans rebelled against the Empire to maintain their independence and revealed their own clone army loyal to Kamino.
XD It's just amazing that nobody looked into influential politicians, considering how seriously Obi Wan Kenobi, Yaddle, and Mace Windu took into account Count Dooku's mentioning of the Sith Lord being in the Senate and controlling it, and not fact checking a list of influential politicians. Even at the end of the Wars, the Delegation of 2000 Planets as was the Petition of 2000 Planets was secret from the rest of the Senate and the Jedi until Order 66, and the Republic Group was even more clandestine (and predates the Delegation by at least a decade), leaving only discrete investigation and information gathering and record checking as methods to discern who could be the Dark Lord of the Sith. I am composing such a list, that is, a list of influential Senators, and will work through what the Jedi Council and it's allies in the Senate could have reasonably deduced by process of elimination as potential candidates of being the Dark Lord of the Sith in the course of three years.
Palpatine did not directly leave a paper trail of Sith Lord meddlings, no. The only direct trail to Palpatine would be either following Darth Sidious' paper trail, which was only known to be in the hands of high ranking Confederate leaders, specifically, Nute Gunray and Count Dooku, Near the end of the war, as described in the book Labyrinth of Evil, Obiwan Kenobi and Anakin Skywalker manage to acquire Nute Gunray's techno-chair that walked around with a hologram of Darh Sidious in Episode I. From there, the Jedi get very, very close to discovering who Sidious is, tracing information all the way back to Sidious' old lair on Coruscant in the The Works (the rundown part of Coruscant seen at the end of Episode II, where Count Dooku meets Sidious) at which point Palpatine panics and accelerates the plan for the siege of Coruscant and his own "abduction". Otherwise, Palpatine largely operates through ammending the Galactic Constitution with or without Senate support, using Senate and Senate Bureau of Intelligence and Republic Intelligence connections (both SBI and RI are directed by Armand Isard) and loyal and or naive Jedi. What would be clear, perphaps, to the Jedi High Council, is the rife distaste, criticism, or opposition vocally and publicly expressed within the Galactic Senate by Senators, regarding the destruction of civil liberties, eclipsing of the Senate by the executive branch including from Palpatine's Loyalist Committee group, appeals for peace by Senators such as by Fang Zar or Padme Amidala and the fact the Palpatine largely ignores this.
However, it is not simple as to simply point fingers at Palpatine. Several Senators had been incredibly sketchy, such Senators Garm Bel Iblis, Onaconda Farr, Ronet Coorr, Haviso Looruya, Tikkes, and Orn Free Taa. Minimalistically speaking, the only Senators and former politicians the Jedi could more or less assume were not Darth Sidious were one's they had close contact with and trusted, that is, Bail Prestor Organa, Giddean Danu, Fang Zar, Padme Amidala, Mon Mothma, and at least if asking Jedi Master J'oopi She, Senator Des'sein and Largetto in addition to Fan Zar. Not to mention that the Trade Federation has and/or had it's own Senator, Lot Dodd, because of how massive it was.
There are a few othe methods available. Spying on Palpatine 24/7. Multiple problems rise up from as relying on any Republic intelligence agency would be risky, as would using Jedi or affiliated organizations such as the Antarian Rangers, and loyal Senators with resources wouldn't dare risk it, so the only way would be through hiring bounty hunters or mercenary spies or faking a Confederacy spying operation.
Of course, if the Jedi were caught doing that, the reprecussions would be massive, and frankly assumes to much of both the rights that Jedi can overrule or any body of the government (as the Jedi were made part of the judicial arm by the Ruusan Reformation) and of Palpatine being culpable. Spying on everyone is even more risky and ethically controversial.
So what are the other options?
Well, investigating the Republic military industrial complex is one, which is the approach the Republic Group tried and did not have the resources or the network to fully scope. A lot of that does lead back to orders by Palpatine or his cronies in the executive or legislative branch. Paying attention to known radical military figures and figuring out who sponsors them is another way. Tarkin for example, was a Republic officer already infamous for various military campaigns.
When I have a clear understanding of all the options that were viable, I will let you know, and would be happy to read and respond to your input.
Dennis, you are also correct that the Jedi stood little to gain from the war. It put up obstacles to both restoring the parliamentary democracy called the Galactic Republic, ending the emergency powers rule of Supreme Chancellor Palpatine, and discovering the Dark Lord of the Sith relying on the information and resources they have without also dealing with a war.
Wars do tend to tremendously empower the executive branch, inevitably, naturally, out of necessity. Now, I'm pretty sure that the enterpreneous Sith Lord knew that.
However, this obviously means that the Republic was mostly doomed, picking between authoritarism and the internal squabbling (compare the Senate's ability to respond to the Great Galatic War of the TOR era). The Jedi failed to foresee it and adapt by handpicking an acceptable charismatic figurehead for the Senate and dealing directly with them, instead allowing an outsider (Palpatine) to come in. Naturally, the emergent centre of power proceeded to wipe out the competition, in the best style of the Nacht der langen Messer.
Yes, I'm saying that the Chancellor being a Sith Lord was rather inconsequential for the Republic's political degeneration and shift from a vestigal Stage IV empire to a Stage I one.
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/TheCycleOfEmpires
I entirely agree that Palpatine being in charge or not or a Sith Lord being in charge or not ould not have changed the direction of the Cloen Wars, but I do disagree on the notion that the Senate and the Jedi would destroy each other. The Jedi have too many friends in the Senate, for one, vice versa, unless Palpatine put up his own pawn as Supreme Chancellor or someone likeminded happened to make their way up there (Armand Issard was certainly on the fast track to eclipsing the Galactic Senate in his own way through intelligence and security agencies). Perphaps Palpatine could have remained a Senator of Naboo.
However, I think the most important thing to note about the fall of the Galactic Republic is not Palpatine's rise, but rather, the fact some Jedi noticed what was occuring and started taking matters into their own hands, defying the High Council, as they agreed that the Galactic Republic was crumbling and needed to be saved, and that neither the Galactic Senate was united or uncorrupt enough nor the Jedi Order aware or attentive enough to galactic affairs. These three were Jedi Masters Qui Gon Jinn, Sifo-Dyas (a former High Council member, removed by othe Council members from the proposing ideas considered to extreme), and Dooku (who turned down the position of High Council to be a more active peacekeeper), who were known as roguish Jedi. Qui Gon Jinn in particular had many allies made on his travels both within and without the Jedi, such as Jedi Master Tahl and then Jedi High Council member Jocasta Nu. They were not alone in the idea, but they were the largest group that worked together besides splinter groups such as the Potentium, the Teepo Paladins, the Grey Paladins, and the various Grey Jedi who wandered the galaxy, whose resources to keep up with the churn of galactic events simply were not the same as access to the Jedi Archives and starships, the Jedi themselves, or the Library of the Republic and the judicial and Republic Intelligence forces, along with the Senate.
It should be noted that some events, only some, were yes, caused by the Sith. Darth Plagueis sped up the rise of the InterGalactic Banking Clan along with exploiting resources and gaining financial power across the galxy through Damask Holdings, a lobbying group, a political pressure organization, and a secret society, led by Plagueis' alias, Hego Damask II. Palpatine caused the Stark Hyperspace War, the same year that the Republic's new fleet, the Katana Dreadnaught Fleet, was lost.
Nonetheless, the overrarching reason for disquiet among the 'rogue Jedi' and idealistic Senators or rulers of worlds was not the Sith, who were, at the time, not taken seriously as a threat until the events of the Phantom Menace, with worst expected and dealt with being Dark Jedi or malevolent force users from outside the Jedi and Sith teachings.
Instead, it was the collapse of the Outer Rim, and the absolute stagnance of the Mid Rim, Inner Rim and Core Worlds on the large part to do anything about it besides ignore or exploit. Warlords were on the rise, organized crime was in an economic heyday. What responded to these crisises when the Republic and of then thus Jedi did not, were at best with isolationist or independence movements seeking to shake off the connection to the Galactic Republic, or benign corporations with a profound interest in co-operative development, or watchful allied systems or reformists. Most were not so lucky. Corporations built on classical capitalism sought exploit, and if they did not, reactionary fascist movements would rise up. Such was Tarkin.
Why did this all happen? Why could the Jedi do nothing? Why did the Republic and the Jedi no longer have their own militaries?
The Ruusan Reformation.
After the New Sith Wars ended with the Seventh Battle of Ruusan and the massive genocide of Force users on the planet caused by Darth Bane's thought bomb, a 1000 years before the Battle of Yavin, the Galactic Senate and Supreme Chancellor Tarsus Valorum (not the same Valorum mind, the Valorums show up a lot, being an old aristocratic family long involved with the Republic since it's beginning) had become fearful of the power of the Jedi and particularly the frequency that Sith emerged from their numbers. They feared the reverence the Jedi received by the common people unorchestrated by the Jedi, called by people all over as lords, as deities, eclipsing the popularity of the Republic.
The Ruusan Reformation demanded that the Jedi dismantle their entire military, as would the Republic, and the Jedi would become part of the Judicial Department under direct oversight of the Supreme Chancellor. Further, the maximum age of entering the Order was lowered to that of a young child to prevent influence beyond Jedi teachings, and the training of the Jedi was to be centralized on Coruscant "to prevent the influence of Sith teachings", rather, for the Republic to watch the Jedi Order and diminish their galactic presence. Many Jedi and their supporters were critics of this legislation. Valorum also reduced the number of sectors and thus representatives, to decentralize and remove influence from powerful core worlds, what resulted was reducing the number of sectors from millions to 1,024 sectors each represented by a Senator with the exception of certain Core Worlds, who received more than one, which was counterbalanced by granting Senate seats to minority species or to minority cultural groups.
This was intially seen as ending the Republic Dark Age, as peace, for a few centuries at least, was present throughout most of the galaxy. Economic, educational, civil, technological and cultural growth skyrocketted.
Then the lack of a military while ruling a vast amount of territory and populace while still not having resolved extraterritorial crime and warfare kicked in. The Black Sun Pirates, the various criminal Hutt clans, Mandalorian vigilantes, the Trade Federation, the Techno Union, interstellar slave empires, death stick gangs, and so on, all rose among other threats without the aid of the Sith. The Jedi and the Republic security both had neither the the autonomy nor the resources to cover most of these threats anymore. Thus, peoples and governments would find increasingly often they would have to rely on themselves and not the Republic or the Jedi to protect themselves from malicious groups. Not all were successful, eithe in victory on the field or at negotiation, or worse, their own leadership become an oppressor of it's own people.
In 52 BBY Hego Damask II (Darth Plagueis, not that any Jedi during the Old Republic ever knew when they were alive) met with Dooku and Sifo-Dyas after a meeting ended between those two Jedi, Qui-Gon Jinn and Jocasta Nu on Serennno and warned them that great turmoil would arrive. Dooku tended to agree more with Damask on what this entailed than Sifo-Dyas did, and both were later taken by Damask to meet Senator Palpatine.
In 32 BBY before the Naboo Blockade, Sifo-Dyas was approached by Damask II after a meeting on Corsucant with several high ranking Jedi and Senator Valorum, who again warned Dyas that great turmoil was afoot, as he had twenty years ago on Serenno. Sifo-Dyas, having noticed Dooku's building dissillusionment with the Jedi, agreed, and Damask informed him of Kamino and their cloning business, and Sifo-Dyas, though skeptical agreed, and received funding from Damask Holdings to purchase a clone army for the Republic.
Dooku had just about had enough of all this when his student Jinn was killed, and had seen dozens of Jedi killed and/or used as pawns by corrupt leaders. He quit the Jedi Order and became Duke of Serenno to consider his options and then visited Palpatine, informing him of his decision and that he might consider an alliance with Sith due to the shortsightedness of the Jedi Council. Palpatine revealed his identity and thus took on another apprentice, not that either of them trusted each other at all (If Palpatine hadn't had Dooku eliminated by Skywalker, or if Obi-Wan Kenobi had agreed to take on the Dark Lord at least as a ruse, Dooku would have been a serious problem for Palpatine, and Nute Gunray and much of the Confederacy were more liable to trust him than Sidious).
When Sifo-Dyas was reordered away from a secret deal with the criminal Pyke Syndicate on orders of Finis Valorum, due to the Jedi Council wanting Dyas and Agent Silman to go negotiate peace talks between Felucian jungle tribes, Darth Tyranus reached the Pyke Syndicate and paid them a large sum to shoot down Dyas' shuttle. Silman survived, who the Pyke took into custody as insurance. Tyranus then went about erasing all document traces of the clone army program and Kamino, Dromund, Dagobah, and 37 other planets that Palpatine deemed important to the Sith cause. Some of this was also retraced by Anakin Skywalker and Obi-Wan Kenobi, who got as far as finding Agent Silman, insane, but alive.
But yes, Palpatine did not have to be Chancellor. It simply made things easier for him from the perspective of not having to deal with another pawn, another potential backstabber.
If it weren't Papatine, it would be Isaard. Or Organa. And there is no such thing as a friend in politics, only interests. What I'm positing is that the Clone Wars would swing the Republic to militant authoritarism either way. The Jedi would be disadvantaged with the new centre of power being the Chancellor, who would repeat the Empire's steps with campaigns of conquest in the Outer Rim, a cult of personality, et cetera - basically, the Empire minus the particularly outrageous villany of Palpatine.
Knowing the Jedi, three scenarios would be possible:
- Remain in their Clone Wars-era role and back the new autocrat, likely being launched down Revan's path of corruption through warfare, likely leading to Order 66;
- Attempt to stop the autocrat, resulting in Order 66;
- Head-in-sand management of the situation, which causes their position to slowly degrade ("He who is not with me is against me"), potentially leading to either of the above.
Again, textbook description of a Stage IV empire.Why didn't a Kaminoan tell anyone about Order 66? I suppose that the only two rationales are they thought it was bad business or that it was an actual contingency plan.
I find it funny that TvTropes' interpretation uses a cycle for empires that appears starkly similar to John Maynard Keynes' economic cycle of growth, expansion, recession and regression.