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AP is Armor Penitrating, Kills armored vechiles
Smoke deploys smoke
Phospherious is like white napalm
APCR is like Armor Penitrating but penitrates more but only flat surfaces, if hits a surface too steep, it will bounce off
HEAT High Explosive Anti Tank is like a cross between AP and HE but effectiveness varies from calibre to calibre
let me know if I'm forgetting any
APC is better against angled armor
APB is better against flat armor
APBC is good against angled and flat armor
APCBC is basically APBC but better
oh and HEAT shells do not lose their penetration over distance or speed, which simply means it can be used in low velocity short barreled cannons for anti tank
also i think HEAT gains penetration the higher the caliber because then there is more of the explosives inside the shell that basically pushes the shell inside the armor when it comes in contact with armor and explodes
HEAT is not a cross between AP and HE, HEAT *CAN* be used as HE but normal HE is still way better
HEAT is basically an anti tank shell for short barreled cannons
APHE is actually the crossover between AP and HE, its supposed to penetrate a tank and then inside of the tank the shell is supposed to explode, note that APHE is very unreliable since the fuse of MM that it needs to penetrate until it explodes always varies and if it explodes before entering the tank it wont do much
also often APHE shells have like fuses from 20-50mm i think and yeah thats not much
as said, WP shells are white phosphorus, they explode and then release and spread a bunch of white phosphorus and if it comes into contact with infantry or bushes or trees, they will burn
also, you can technically kill a tank with WP (white phosphorus) shells by shooting at the engine but it is very hard and you have to be lucky soo that the engine sets on fire
about APCR, it is basically AP but way less versatile; APCR is extremly good against flat armor, but as soon as you angle armor APCR has no chance of ever penetrating
note that HEAT is still used today and in my knowledge is very effective, its used in ATM / ATGMs (anti tank (guided) missiles)
BUT: note that the biggest weakness of HEAT is spaced armor, you know those sideskirts of Panzer 4 H and StuG 3 G? those are anti HEAT spaced armor plates, if HEAT comes into contact with the thin plate it will detonate the fuse which means it will detonate the fuse before hitting the actual armor of the tank, making the HEAT shell extremely weakened when it hits the actual normal armor later
soo avoid shooting at spaced thin armor when using HEAT
oh and, anti tank rocket launchers are also HEAT soo avoid shooting at spaced armor with them too
But yeah that's a damned good answer to you question xD
AP = Armor piercing. Solid AP shell which can shatter(break) on impact and does low damage on penetration
APC = Armor piercing capped. Same as above but this one has a "cap" on which reduces shattering chances and better vs sloped armor
APBC = Armor piercing ballistic cap. Only the soviet union uses this shell and is just a solid AP shell with ballistic cap for better aerodynamics (better accuracy at longer ranges)
APHEBC = Armor piercing high explosive ballistic cap. Again only soviet union uses this shell and it has a flat nosed design and a ballistic cap on top for aerodynamics. The flat nosed design reduces the penetraiton compared to sharp nosed projectiles, but is even better vs sloped armor than cap shells. This shell also has a high explosive load inside the shell which explodes after penetrating armor doing alot more damage.
APHE = Same as AP but it has explosive load inside for more damage post pen.
APCBC = Armor piercing capped ballistic cap.The standard shell of Germany and US (the US calls these APC). This shell has a cap for reducing shatter chances and improve effect vs sloped armor and it also has ballistic cap for better aerodynamics so its the best overall AP shell.
API = Mostly just small caliber weapons like the .50cal, DShK and such has these rounds and its incendiary bullets which ignite/explode on impact for better effect vs flammable targets
APCR = Armor piercing composit rigid. This shell is kind of like a carrier for a very small dense tungsten core. This core is smaller than the gun caliber and much lighter so this shell has very high muzzle velocity and much greater penetration, but due to this the core is the only part penetrating the armor doing minimal damage after penetration. These shells will also loose penetraiton alot faster over distance due to their light weight.
HVAP = same as above but HVAP (High velocity armor piercing) is the US term for it.
APDS = Armor piercing discarding sabot. This shell is used by the british and is similar to APCR, but instead of having the carrier around the shell in flight it discards it when it exists the barrel so only the core flies to the target. These shells have extreme penetration and a 17pdr using this shell can pierce the frontal turret of Tiger 2 at 2km range. These shells are also highly inaccurate.
HEAT = This shell is a shaped charge so it does not loose penetration over range and generally the caliber determines the penetration capability. This shell is used in low velocity guns due to their lack of AP performance. This shell melts a copper inverted cone into a small hyper velocity molten copper jet which pierces the armor and sends hot shards of metal into the tank. This shell does alot of damage to crew and flammable things like ammunition so it has great chance of setting that off. This shell explodes on impact with anything so as said by others spaced armor will absorb this shell as the copper jet doesn't travel well over distance in air. Bazookas, panzerfausts and advanced anti-tank grenades all use this type of penetrator.
WP = White phosphorous. This shell is a smoke shell and it does infact deploy smoke cover, but the white phosphorous ignites when it comes into contact with air making a incendiary projectile which burns.
SM = Chemical smoke shells. Deploys smoke cover over time.
HE = High explosive
Note AP,APC,APCBC can have HE filler in them and the shell names ingame will state APCBC-HE in those cases which means they have explosive load for post penetraiton damage. Germany uses explosive load in very many if not all their AP shells. USA uses HE load in the APC shells but not the AP Shots. UK does not use any shells with HE filler and any shells they recieve from the US (75mm) they remove the HE filler. Soviet union has mix of HE filled and solid shot shells which is easily seen by the prefix if they have HE in the name or not.
So thats alot of shells, what shells to use?
APCBC-HE shells should be the highest priority in most cases and the AI will use these if available. APHEBC should be used when playing Soviet union. HEAT should be used with low velocity guns (unless the target has low armor). APCR/HVAP/APDS should be used vs high armor targets. Any other shell is usually a poorer or outdated choice, but in certain situations can be used. For example the US sherman carries 75mm AP and APC. The APC is much better in most situations and at range, but if you are at a close distance the AP can actually pierce the frontal armor of Tiger while the APC cannot. This is due to the AP beeing solid shot without explosive filler so the shell's integrity is not sacrificed by that hallowed out space.
HE>Explosive
HEAT>Explosive anti tank
Damn he asked ammos about Robz and he got a wikipedia article!
if yes, basically HESH always has the same amount of penetration, no matter what angle and no matter what distance.
its basically HEAT but weaker but for that it can attack at any angle, due to the squash head (HESH=high explosive squash head) sinking inside of the armor.