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CPU temps can climb high since the shader building actually is a real world stress test that is more punishing than an normal cinebench run. With acceptable cooling it should top out at 80-90 °C, which would be fine and no reason to worry.
Modern GPUs can handle hotspot temps going up to about 100 °C. To be more comfortable you should aim for 80-85 °C GPU hotspot and 60-70 °C GPU temperature. With a good cooling solution such values are realistic even with moderate fan speed and air cooling only.
If you notice issues beyond this it may be that your cooling is not working as well as it should.
you could remove your cooler completly while under load and the only thing that happens is that you system will shut down after a few seconds depending on the load
so no you donw have to be scared its just inconvinient that your fans go into full on blast. for the last of us depending on what components you have the shader compilation takes around 10 minutes
and what krytem says about limitting fps is not wrong in general but wrong in this case. let me explain. shader compilations task has nothing to do with your framerate. limiting your framerate wont lower the load caused by shader compiling
but when you actually play a game lets say as an example last of us without a framerate cap and your gpu manages lets say 100 fps and that results in around 75 degree hot as an example while doing so as the card is most likely under full load (if not cpu bottlenecked). if you then put a fps cap on the gpu of lets say 60 will result in your gpu not having to work that hard to achieve that, hence dropping temps. but lets say you play without a framerate cap and your gpu manages only 55 fps and you then lock your fps to 60 will result in no changes to the temp. becasue your gpu is already under full load becasue its not reaching the fps cap anyways
this stuff is once you understand the basics actually very simple and intuitive.
just know one more thing, companies like intel,amd or nvidia have put billions into developing these products over the last decades. they know exactly what their components can handle and they have tons of safety mechanics that will prevent these components from going suicidal. you would have to go back more than 20 years to find gpu and cpu that kill themself under too much heat without shutting down before. propably even 30
alot of gaming laptops get very loud becasue they have very little room for cooling. resulting in the fans having to work extra hard(loud). good desktop pc are because of the much better cooling potential much more quiet or even silent. depending on the solution and load
Yes they should and no, many people do not know. Which is why they ask such questions... . But it is still a good idea to monitor what is happening and not go to the maximum temperature that is allowed in some cases. The GPU should not really get hot during shader compilation and especially not if there is well working watercooling :). So, I think there might be a problem with the cooling setup in this case.
There are also sometimes technical issues with the GPU cooling specifically. When the hotspot goes over 100 °C I would worry and there are certainly examples with faulty coolers when the GPU would sit at 70-80 °C and the hotspot over 100 °C, which actually has a probability to do damage over time (faulty vapor chamber for example as a reason).
On the CPU side usually all will be fine at 80-95 °C and even above and both intel and AMD have failsafes installed.
But then again the X3d CPUs are somewhat more sensitive and will noticeably clock down at 80-90 °C already. Better cooling, better performance. And again there have been enough cases here with people having emergency shutdowns with relatively modern or even current CPUs, simply because the cooling they had was not sufficient and clocking down was not enough to prevent a shutdown. Or perhaps they had also a forced overclock, who knows.
Anyways it is not enough to just sitback and trust the technology in all cases. Mechanical and human failure can still do damage :).