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Make fences, keep the boy animals away from girl animals. You can make a gate between the pens that is higher than animal then move male animals in for a day or two then out to make new animals.
re animals:
I end up with a Male Barn, a Female Barn, and a Chicken Barn. With 3 separate fenced in areas. I try to get at least one of the barnyards (male is preferable) to encircle a lake, to reduce the amount of water-trough-filling my Folk do. I manually walk the female animals to the male side to get impregnated, and then walk them back. Takes a ton of stone for all the walls but once it's set up, it doesn't take /much/ managing.
I send the Hens that are over half life to the female barn, and only move the roosters to the chicken barn every once in a while, then move them back after a day or three. I only keep like 2 roosters, i sell off the baby roosters when i have more than 2 adult/juv roosters.
being able to see which female animals are not available to be impregnated would save me a good lil chunk of time. Otherwise, what i end up doing is just never doing a 'female run' while there are any babies. Once there are no babies, any female sheep/goat/cow is available to become pregnant, so it's not like it's the worst. But it would be a nice lil thing to be able to see on the unit screen.
I didnt know you can control where your animals sleep. How do you do that?
With fences (or walls, if you prefer). Make separate pens for the males and females, and set all the gates to the "humans only" lock level so that animals can't use them except when you are controlling them. Then use the "move to" command to send each animal to the appropriate pen.
I used to follow a mix between ad hoc and max number of animals I felt I could sustain. I've changed now to basing it on clan food needs. It started with me examining what size settlement I could construct with just two Peat Stoves and one Stone Fireplace as my only heating. I settled on a structure with 18 bedrooms, heated 20-tile barn, a gathering room, cold room, Oats room (Brose and Bread), and then two large production rooms, one for Iron and the other for clothing.
The max pop I felt I could sustain in that settlement was 28. Of the 18 bedrooms, one contains the Double Bed and is only used for conception or, in a pinch, as a temporary room for a widowed Senior or Baby. Of the remaining 17 bedrooms, 14 could be doubles (to get my 28 population) with three bedrooms left over as Baby/Juvenile rooms.
To feed that amount of people, I use three 100% lakes. One is set to 10 Eels and 4 Fish daily, the other two to 5 Eels and 8 Fish daily, for a settlement total of 20 Fish and 20 Eels every day. Excluding winter, natch, where output is 9 Fish per day, 3 from each lake. To make up the winter shortfall from the lakes, I do a mass Berry harvest in summer. That allows me to stockpile Eels and Fish while the clan are scoffing Berries. Which, in turn, gives me reserve stocks to tide me through winter.
The lakes output, even with Berries, is not enough so I made up the shortfall with livestock. Pigs are the obvious choice as being by far the most prolific breeders and suppliers of meat. The magic number for me is three Sows with one Boar. That rounds out the clan's needs perfectly. I slaughter the piglets as they becomes Juveniles which makes herd management very easy. It's a simple matter of succession. When the breeding herd of one Boar and three Sows age, I spare enough piglets to grow through Juvenile stage and replace the adults. All other piglets are slaughtered, as are the adults when they hit Senior and can no longer breed.
The herd never grows or needs more space or food. And my cold storage needs also never grow. I have a constant supply of around 100-300 Fish/Eels/Meat in cold storage, which waxes and wanes depending on season. But it never gets either alarmingly low nor over-stocked to the point where I need to consider selling off food or getting more storage space.
This is the entire livestock operation:
https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=2982187112
The paddock has no gates or doors and is totally enclosed. This screenie is from day 5 of fall. Although the natural grazing around the barn has been depleted, there is still plenty around the edges of the paddock to sustain the herd till winter. The pasture regrows with the spring rains and requires no maintenance at all, not even fertilizing. The maximum pig population is 16: the four adults and 3x4 max piglets. The 20-tile barn has 16 beds for pigs, with the remaining four tiles taken up by a Jug Pallet (which is also used to water the crop fields just off the top right corner of the screen), Water Trough, Grain Trough and one Dog Bed. The dog sleeps right next to the barn door, which is the only access point to the animals. No Wolf will dare to go through that door, and any Wolf who uses the gravel path outside the barn risks being pounced upon and slaughtered by the dogs.
I also have the Threshing and Compost room right next door to the barn. So there is always Straw and Seed for the animals close to hand, and poop collection for the Compost is limited to the paddock and barn. So no walking miles to collect one poop in the Manure Basket.
The small herd also makes Composting very sustainable. Compost builds up over the year to around 20-25 bags by end winter. In spring, I go out and fertilize large tracts of bare soil to create grassland. This increases the Berry harvest each year. It also uses up all the excess fertilizer, leaving me with just 3-4 bags which I keep aside for growing the odd Hay or Oats crop to sustain Seeds and Straw. Now deep in year 5, I haven't had to either buy or sell Fertilizer ever. I also haven't ever run out of Wood Ash.
Tailoring the herd to what I need - no more and no less - has saved me an awful lot of micro and juggling of resources.