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Ein Übersetzungsproblem melden
Longsword in D&D generally refers an arming sword-type weapon while greatsword refers to a claymore-sized weapon. Longsword is just a much broader category that also includes bastard swords, swords with enough frip for a second hand, and the such in 5e since weapons are pretty simplified in their classifications this edition.
1) Longsword is a classification of blade length not grip style, and an Arming Sword falls under the classification of Longsword because of that.
2) A D&D Greatsword is a German Zweihänder not a Longsword.
1) What are you talking about? Longsword (langes Schwert) is a 15th century German fighting style, and classification of blades used in that fighting style that spread throughout Europe. It's not a blade length classifcation or a grip style. It is the style where a sword is used in both hands.
2) A Greatsword is not a german Zweihänder... It, like every D&D weapon is not any specific sword. It could be a Zweihänder, it could be a Claymore, it could be an Elizabethan Longsword. it's just any generic 2 handed sword... And in 5e it's a little more specifically any 2 handed sword that's too heavy to effectively use 1 handed due to the changes to weapon handling from 3.x
Also for the record a Zweihänder or Beidhänder *is* a longsword...
Short sword, - 1H weapon
Long sword - 1H weapon
Scimitar - 1H weapon
Rapier - 1H weapon
Bastard sword - 1 or 2H weapon
Estoc - 1 or 2H weapon
Great sword or Two Handed Sword - 2H weapon
Not quite. The D&D greatsword is just that, a greatsword. Real-history longsword don't even come close to the size of a greatsword. They are usually held with two hands but one hand is perfectly possible. A greatsword cannot, ever, be used with one hand.
1) Terminology changes with time.
2) Official D&D art depicts Greatswords as body length weapons, Zweihänder are body length swords ranging from 4'7" to 7', that makes D&D Greatswords Zweihänders.